Capital Structure and Debt Structure* Joshua D. Rauh Kellogg School of Management and NBER Amir Sufi University of Chicago Booth School of Business and NBER February 2010 *We thank Doug Diamond‚ Anil Kashyap‚ Gordon Phillips‚ Michael Roberts‚ Toni Whited‚ Luigi Zingales‚ and seminar participants at Emory University‚ Georgetown University‚ Maastricht University‚ Rice University‚ Tilburg University‚ the University of California-Berkeley‚ the University of Chicago‚ the University of Colorado
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the first ever hybrid vehicle commercials in 2004‚ the Toyota Prius‚ is presented as a feat of technology here to save the environment using facts and an intuitive commercial along with the background of a city. In the more recent 2010 commercial of the Toyota Prius‚ an animated style using a happy melody presents the car as a family car ready to take your family to the next eco-friendly step with the background of a forest. Over time Toyota has expanded their clientele by offering a larger fleet
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1. Identify using a model the levels of a product. Kotler distinguished three components: need: a lack of a basic requirement; want: a specific requirement for products or services to match a need; demand: a set of wants plus the desire and ability to pay for the exchange. core benefit: the service or benefit the customer is really buying. Marketers as benefit provider. A hotel guest – room basic / generic product change core into basic represents all the qualities of the product : a hotel
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Toyota Fortuner Overview Country is seen the launch of Fortuner from the manufacturer way back in 2005 and since then‚ the selling of this car is considered as a runaway success amongst the population. Fortuner is the manufacturer’s Innovative Multi Purpose (IMV) based creation. It’s designed with utmost care for the emerging markets across Asia and South America. This car is good enough to consider the entire family for a drive that isn’t tiresome. The length‚ breadth and width of the car are slightly
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Organizational structures There are many different opinions and definitions on organizational structure. Structure in one sense is the arrangement of duties used for the work to be done. This is best represented by the organization. What determines organizational structure? Classics in the field of organization theory represent many different schools. Some believe that certain factor‚ such as size‚ environment‚ or technology‚ determine organizational structure. They argue that these factors
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Toyota Prius: green or geek machine? There are many reasons why people want a revolutionary car. Some enthusiasts enthuse about scientific and technological advances and want the latest gizmos. Others rebel against fuel price increases‚ even though fuel is cheaper than it has been for decades. Finally‚ people are ‘concerned about the environment’. Hoping that all the above was true and looking to grab a technological advantage over other car manufacturers; in 2000 Toyota introduced Prius‚ their
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MBA ProMA Customer Analysis‚ Buying Behavior and Segmentation Professor Hossein Dadfar Customer Analysis What do you need to know about your customers? Professor Hossein Dadfar 1 What you need to know Who buys the product / service Who uses the product / service What customers buy How they use the product/services Where customers buy When customers buy How customers choose Why they prefer a product How they respond to marketing programs Will they buy it (again)? Dadfar
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ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND THEIR CULTURE |ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE | Example | Handy’s Culture Type | |1. Functional | ACK | POWER / ROLE CULTURE | |2. Product | UNILEVER | TASK CULTURE | |3. Geographic
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centers (usually departments) and then to products through predetermined overhead rates. For example‚ among various COQ-related costs‚ the rework and the unrecovered cost of spoiled goods caused by internal failures are charged to the factory overhead control account which accumulates the actual overhead costs incurred (Hammer et al.‚ 1993‚ pp. 155-64). The predetermined overhead rates should be adjusted to incorporate the normal levels of various COQ-related costs‚ and excess COQ-related costs will be
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person. As in our case study‚ Toyota are facing program due to the rapid gloabalization and diversity and fairness can help in solve the problem as through diversity program can help employees in oversea more understand towards the Toyota as there are many branches of Toyota in the world. Toyota was origin in Japan and widely spread the branches all over the world‚ in year 1957‚ Toyota North America established first branch in USA( From 1957 to the 21st Century Toyota Moving Forward with America
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