Capital Structure and Debt Structure* Joshua D. Rauh Kellogg School of Management and NBER Amir Sufi University of Chicago Booth School of Business and NBER February 2010 *We thank Doug Diamond‚ Anil Kashyap‚ Gordon Phillips‚ Michael Roberts‚ Toni Whited‚ Luigi Zingales‚ and seminar participants at Emory University‚ Georgetown University‚ Maastricht University‚ Rice University‚ Tilburg University‚ the University of California-Berkeley‚ the University of Chicago‚ the University of Colorado
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Kidney plays an important function in regulation the concentration of sodium and potassium in blood. A steroid hormone called aldosterone is secreted by the adrenal cortex in respond to rennin secreted by the kidney cells to stimulate potassium excretion by active reabsorption of sodium in distal and collecting ducts. Aldosterone increase active secretion of potassium in distal convoluted tubules and also stimulates the reabsorption of sodium on collecting ducts. Antidiuretic hormone also helps to
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Pyelonephritis is an inflammation of the kidney and upper urinary tract that usually results from noncontagious bacterial infection of the bladder‚ known as cystitis. Acute pyelonephritis is most common in adult females but can affect people of either sex and any age. Its onset is usually sudden‚ with symptoms that are often mistaken as the result of straining the lower back. Pyelonephritis often is complicated by systemic infection. Left untreated or unresolved‚ it can progress to a chronic
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Experiment 1 1. For each structure identified‚ do you think its location affects its ability to function? Why or why not? (Hint: those buried deep in the cell probably do different things than those closer to the cell membrane). Structure does not affect function of the cells‚ cells have a particular structure that enables them to carry out their function in the best way. 2. Draw a labeled diagram of a small section of the plasma membrane and briefly describe its structure and function. 3
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RELEVANCE & FIELD APPLICATION The kidney is an amazing organ. It makes urine and helps to control your blood pressure. It also keeps your bones strong and healthy‚ and controls manufacture of red blood cells. However‚ this organ is challenged with many diseases and complications. Thus‚ my Research Project is based on one of the most common problem: S KIDNEY STONE FORMATION A RESULT OF PATIENTS’ LIFE STYLE There has been an increase in the number of kidney stone cases at Diagnostic & Specialist
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REVIEW SHEET EXERCISE 9 Renal System Physiology NAME: LAB TIME/DATE: Simulating Glomerular Filtration The following questions refer to Activity 1: Investigating the Effect of Flow Tube Radius on Glomerular Filtration. 1. Describe the effect of increasing the afferent radius on glomerular filtration rate and glomerular pressure. As the afferent radius increases the glomerular filtration rate and glomerular pressure both increase the pressure in slow steps the filtration rate greatly
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community service organization that I chose was High Desert Kidney Hope. This organization is there to help the people that have kidney disease. They don’t only help the person with the disease but the family as well. Their mission statement is “Our Mission is to improve the quality of life for kidney patients and their families both through individual grants to meet basic needs as well as through educating the High Desert community about kidney disease and the needs of these individuals. We are residents
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Printing A Human Kidney Have you ever thought that printing something off a 3D printer could go inside your body and work like it had belonged there? For Anthony Atala this is his goal. Anthony Atala is not any average practicing surgeon. He is the director at Wake Forest Institute for regenerative medicine‚ which is not an easy field to be in. He is making the way for regenerative medicine‚ a more practical idea for the future. Atala has done hundreds of regenerative surgeries and has helped so
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Organizational Structure An organization is a social unit of people‚ systematically structured and managed to meet a need or to pursue collective goals on a continuing basis. All organizations have a management structure that determines relationships between functions and positions‚ and subdivides and delegates roles‚ responsibilities‚ and authority to carry out defined tasks. Therefore‚ in order to better manage the large amount of resources and assets organizations need to be in some sort of
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Creating a Competitive Salary Structure INTRODUCTION Each employee in an organization is paid a salary. Salaries vary greatly‚ with executives earning as much as (or greater than) 100 times an entry-level employee’s salary. This variation is not by chance. It is rationally established through a salary structure – a hierarchy of salaries. Organizations develop this structure based upon internal factors (such as current rates‚ job relationships‚ and custom) and external factors (such as labor
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