BGY 2001; SEM 1 2013/2014 Assignment 1 (10 marks) Answer ALL the questions. 1. Discuss briefly fluid mosaic model for membrane structure. (6 marks) Answer: The lipids and most of the protein in the plasma membrane are free to bob about‚ sliding from one location in the membrane to another. Because lipids and proteins move about laterally within the membrane‚ the membrane is a fluid mosaic of lipids and proteins. The membrane fluid is since the composition of any location on the membrane can change
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have to pay more on it. More frightening still‚ this situation may get worse before it come back to normal. No one can exactly predict when the pendulum will soon swing back again since all uncertain factors existing. From the supply side of view‚ the OPEC is the main producer‚ being prepared to add or subtract production to balance demand. Moreover‚ Russia is another major producer of oil in the world. They usually produce more when demand more and subtract when demand reduce to control the price of
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firms and each firm has a significant share of the market. In the U.S.‚ cartels are illegal; however‚ internationally‚ there are no restrictions on cartel formation. The organization of petroleum-exporting countries (OPEC) is perhaps the best-known example of an international cartel; OPEC members meet regularly to decide how much oil each member of the cartel will be allowed to produce. Oligopolistic firms join a cartel to increase their market power‚ and members work together to determine jointly
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Saudi Arabia. First is the emergence and growth in importance of OPEC countries‚ followed by an increase in production from non-OPEC countries. Second is the commoditization of oil and its effect on oil prices. Lastly is the power and importance of state-run oil companies‚ notably Saudi Arabia’s Aramco. One of the factors that control the price of oil is the artificial amount of oil supply that is managed by OPEC nations. The OPEC cartel is an intergovernmental organization of 12 oil-producing
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Contents Introduction Table .1 OPEC Graph.1 Major Natural gas producers Graph.2 Gas Exporting Countries Forum (GECF) Natural gas Demand & Price Natural gas could be the 100% replacement of crude oil’ Conclusion 1. Introduction
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Outline 1. What is oil 2. Petroleum industry 3. Domestic and industrial usage of oil 4. Middle eastern oil 5. OPEC 6. Role of Saudi Arabia‚ Venezuela 7. US consumption of oil - 1/4th of total oil 8. War for oil - Iraq War‚ War on terror 9. Oil as a weapon by Arabs‚ Arab Israeli Conflict‚ Central America 10. Political Greed 11. Pipeline diplomacey Baku-Tiblisi-Ceyhan 12. The politics of oil nationalization 13. New alternatives ethnol
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Plaintiffs - Appellants v. CITGO PETROLEUM CORPORATION; SAUDI ARABIAN OIL COMPANY‚ doing business as Saudi Aramco; Defendants - Appellees. UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT. 632 F.3d 938 (2011) Facts: Gasoline retailers accused the OPEC member nations of fix pricing of crude oil and refined petroleum products in the US. The appellants argued that the district court mischaracterized their complaint as alleging a conspiracy among sovereign nations to fix prices via production. They
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caused by two different energy crisis. The cause of the energy crisis was due to the 1973 Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) Oil Embargo‚ 1979 Iranian Revolution‚ the United States increase consumption of gas‚ and it’s dependency on foreign oil. Although the energy crisis lasted only seven years it left many changes within the country. In 1973‚ OPEC placed an oil embargo on the United States and any other country that tried to help Israel because of our “ decision to re-supply the
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OIL BOOM The Arab oil boom took place after the 1967 war. The 1973 oil crisis began on October 17‚ 1973‚ when Arab members of the OPEC‚ during the Yom Kippur War‚ announced that they would no longer ship petroleum to nations that had supported Israel. This included the United States and its allies in Western Europe. At around this same time‚ the OPEC members agreed to use their leverage over the world price-setting mechanism for oil in order to quadruple world oil prices. The dependence
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OLIGOPOLY INTRODUCTION In this topic the oligopoly form of market is studied. You will learn that fewness of firms in a market results in mutual interdependence. The fear of price wars is verified with the help of the kinked demand curve. Collusive forms and non-collusive forms of market are analyzed. The economic effect of the oligopoly form of market is presented. OLIGOPOLY CHARACTERISTICS The oligopoly form of market is characterized by - a few large dominant firms‚ with many small ones‚ - a
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