defines economics as the study of choice. Economists examine the consequences of the choices people make. The creation and evolution of economics over centuries came from the ideas of four economists: Adam Smith‚ Thomas Malthus‚ David Ricardo‚ John Stuart Mill‚ Karl Marx‚ Alfred Marshall and John Maynard Keynes. These well respected economists help the theory of economics grow and become what it is today. Economics started with the ideas of Adam Smith. He is credited as the first true economist.
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NORMATIVE ETHICAL THEORIES Objective • Discuss the normative ethical theories L2: Normative Ethical Theories Beliefs about how people should behave can be classified into at least 2 major categories: Teleological theories (Consequentialism) Right actions are those that produce the most or optimize the consequences of one’s choices. Behaviour is ‘ethical’ if it results in desirable behaviour 1. 2. 3. 4. Ethical egoism Ethical elitism Ethical parochialism Ethical universalism Deontological theories
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John Stuart Mills explains‚ “In the golden rule of Jesus of Nazareth‚ we read the complete spirit of the ethics of utility. To do as one would be done by‚ and to love one’s neighbor as oneself‚ constitute the ideal perfection of utilitarian morality.” (Mills 17) As individuals we all unknowingly seem to maximize the satisfaction of our own choices when we act. If one chooses to perfect activity A rather than activity B‚ we are then revealing that we as individual prefer performing activity A to performing
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Bradley (Ethical Studies‚ Oxford‚ 2nd ed.‚ 1927‚ pp. 119-120) Collins S. Public Moralists‚ Political Thought and Intellectual Life in Great Britain 1850-1930. Oxford: Clarendon‚ 1991. Wilson‚ Fred. Psychological Analysis and the Philosophy of John Stuart Mill. Toronto: Toronto Univ. Press‚ 1990. Mill J.S‚ Utilitarianism Parker‚ Son‚ and Bourn London available at http://www.archive.org/stream/a592840000milluoft#page/n0/mode/2up retrieved on 10/13/2011 Brink‚ David. "Mill ’s Moral and Political Philosophy
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I agree with John Stuart Mills argument that happiness is the only basic good. Mill argues that basic goods create the maximum amount of happiness; which follows the principle of utilitarianism. In an article comparing Mills view on utilitarianism‚ it states “happiness is
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There are many things that people pursue‚ such as wealth‚ prestige‚ or the latest technology. Of our many pursuits‚ the most essential are happiness and freedom. However‚ a question arises: can we possess both happiness and freedom? Most people may not have a clear answer for that. Brave New World‚ through the actions of its characters‚ reveals that there exists a conflict between the possession of the two ideas. Lenina‚ having been conditioned to be happy‚ has unconsciously given up the ability
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announced his creation of the kinetoscope. In 1895‚ Louis and Augustine Lumiere issued a patent for a device called a cinematograph capable of projecting moving pictures. Therefore‚ motion pictures are still used in animations and films today. J. Stuart Blackton was possibly the first American filmmaker to use the techniques of stop-motion and hand-drawn animation.3 Introduced to filmmaking by Edison‚ he pioneered these concepts at the turn of the 20th century‚ with his first copyrighted work dated
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arguments by the students to support their contrasting views. Part one of the second episode discusses the cost benefit analysis that companies follow to put a price on human life. The second part in episode two introduces British philosopher John Stuart Mill who argues that utilitarian‚ those who have experienced high pleasure and lower pleasures will desire the higher pleasure. Utilitarianism is further debated in the lectures of Dr. Sandel as he goes in to details showing how utilitarianism plays
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Individual assignment 2 2.1 Content of assignment Individual assignment 2: (hand in week 4) Phase 1‚2‚3 of the ethical cycle: Moral problem statement Problem analysis Options for action Phase 4 of the ethical cycle: Intuition Utilitarianism Bentham Mill 2.2 Case: “Fire Detectors” Residential fires cause many deaths each year. Several companies manufacture fire detectors in a highly competitive market. Jim is a senior manager at one of these companies. He has been invited to
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Exam #1 Chapter 1-Historical Studies: Some Issues -historiography‚ great-person theory‚ historical development approach (zeitgeist) -presentism vs. historicism‚ internists (old)‚ historians (new) -1960s history of psychology -rationalists‚ empiricists‚ epistemology‚ nativism‚ mechanism‚ vitalism‚ active mind‚ passive mind‚ materialists‚ idealists‚ monist -dualism: interactionism‚ Emergentism‚ Epiphenominism‚ psychophysical parallelism‚ double aspectism -determinism: physical‚ psychical
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