Crustal stretching Seismic Interpretation By: Donovan Durham Introduction The Caledonian orogeny happened during the late Silurian to early Devonian periods. This was due to the westward subduction of Baltican plate beneath the Laurentian margin. The continent to continent orogeny resulted in a over thickened crust. During the Palezoic orogeny several different processes were at work simultaneously‚ which included erosion‚ plate divergence‚ gravity driven collapse of the orogenic wedge‚ and
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DISTRIBUTION OF VOLCANOES Much of the present-day volcanic activity is clearly related to plate tectonic movements and most volcanoes are located at or close to lithospheric plate boundaries (Fig. I-1). About 80% of the volcanoes occur above subduction zones at convergent boundaries‚ either as volcanic belts on continental margins or as island-arcs comprised of a chain of volcanoes formed in an oceanic setting. Typical examples of continental volcanic belts are the volcanoes of the Cascade Range
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Chapter 1: An Introduction to Geology What is geology‚ and what is the difference between physical and historical geology? Geology is the scientific study of the Earth and its major systems Physical Geology is the Study of the Earth’s composition. structure‚ and the processing that shape it Historical Geology is the Study of Earth’s history and the history of life With respect to why we study geology‚ in class I cited three areas of benefit to humanity where geologic knowledge is needed. What
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active stratovolcano‚ near the tripoint of the Philippine provinces of Zambales‚ Tarlac‚ and Pampanga. Mount Pinatubo is part of a chain of composite volcanoes along the Luzon arc on the west coast of the island. The arc of volcanoes is due to the subduction of the Manila trench to the west. The volcano experienced major eruptions approximately 500‚ 3000‚ and 5500 years ago. Up to 800 people were killed and 100‚000 became homeless following the Mount Pinatubo eruption‚ which climaxed with nine hours
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Short Paper: Mantle Convection‚ The Forces Behind Plate Motion PHSC 210-Spring B Term‚ Elements of Earth Science February ‚ 2014 Short Paper: Mantle Convection‚ The Forces Behind Plate Motion Introduction The paper is about plate mantle convection‚ the forces behind plate motion. Lutgens & Tarbuck (2014) found “Convection is a type of heat transfer that involves the actual movement of a substance” (p. 177). Plate mantle convection is described by Merriam-Webster’s
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Geology Notes: 9/5/2013 SI SESSIONS held in Old main or State Monday: 945-1045 Tuesday: 1015-1115 Thursday: 4-5 Melissa Allen (email is on syllabus) Notes are on geology webpage faculty and staff -> Dr. van Hees -> course notes LECTURE: Plate Tectonics Chap.2 -Until ~1915 people thought continents were stuck were they are and they didn’t move. Why did ideas change? -Wegener’s proposed the theory of Continental Drift It proposed that all continents move and that at one time
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AD1600‚ around half have occurred since the beginning of the 20th century Since 2001 it has seen an eruption every year Physical reasons for the event: Mt Etna is a composite volcano created from the subduction of the African plate beneath the Eurasian plate; deformation of the plates associated with subduction allows magma to rise to the surface through weaknesses in the crust. A number of theories have been proposed to explain Etna’s location and eruptive history‚ including rifting processes‚ a hot spot
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and is damages -Oceanic plate is older‚ colder‚ denser‚ gets subducted -Characteristics depend on collision type -Ocean-ocean -Continent-continent -Ocean continent Ocean Ocean Convergence -subduction causes a benioff zone -creates a deep broad trench -Accretionary Wedging: marine sediments are scraped off -Partial melting of the asthenosphere(due to flux melting) Magma forms an island arc Continent-Continent -Oceanic crust is first subducted
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Young Earth Creation Recently‚ new speculation has shown that mother earth may in fact not be 4.5 billion years old‚ as has been taught in schools for many generations. However‚ young earth creationist believe that the world is only approximately six thousand years old. According to the Christian Bible‚ if we were to follow the chronology of many of its books including Genesis‚ Exodus‚ Galatians and 1 Kings‚ we would gather a general timeline of when God created the universe and the Earth. No
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long journey of development into the different types of rocks. The basic categories of rocks include igneous‚ sedimentary and metamorphic. The rock cycle is largely driven by lithospheric plate movements which cause oceanic crust creation and subduction with its associated melt and igneous rock formation‚ and uplift with it’s associated metamorphism‚ along with exposure and erosion from climatic conditions due to the exposure. Plate tectonics (from the Late Latin tectonicus‚ from the Greek:
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