REPORT ON ‘CASH MANAGEMENT’ In NATIONAL FERTILIZERS LIMITED RESEARCH METHODOLOGY The methodology used for carrying out this project is as follows: ➢ Studying the annual accounts of the company for obtaining related financial data. ➢ Studying the accounting records and arrangements with the consortium of banks‚ Commercial paper‚ working capital demand loan (WCDL)‚ FDRs and short term
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Control of Cash Disbursements Control of cash disbursements is important for companies as most large thefts occur from payment of fictitious invoices. One key to controlling cash disbursements is to require all expenditures to be made by check. The only exception is small payments made from petty cash. Another key is to deny access to the accounting records to anyone other than the owner who has the authority to sign checks. A small business owner often signs checks and knows from personal contact
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enough evidence of how that scheme is considered vile and unacceptable by the most needy themselves. What reconciles these two polar opposites is a mix of politics‚ misinformation and the legacy of decades of poor administration. India’s first direct cash transfer scheme – Delhi Annshri Yojana (DAY) – to be set in motion from 15th December is a very good example of this. Let me introduce the scheme before introducing Rukhsana‚ the typical beneficiary DAY aims to target. What is Delhi Annshri Yojana
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Similar to what you did with the Revenue Cycle‚ I want you to prepare a bridge working paper for the audit of Apollo Shoes as of December 31‚ 2007‚ listing the major errors that could occur in the purchasing system and to describe the test of controls procedures for auditing related purchasing controls to determine whether reliable control exists. I don’t think that Apollo has enough purchase transactions that we need to rely on the controls (in other words‚ we’ll look at them all)‚ but we need
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of Internal Control to Cash Receipts ---Cash receipts may result from cash sales; collections on account from customers; the receipt of interest‚ rents‚ and dividends; investments by owners; bank loans; and proceeds from the sale of noncurrent assets. ---The following internal control principles explained earlier apply to cash receipts transactions as shown: Establishment of responsibility - Only designated personnel (cashiers) are authorized to handle cash receipts. Segregation
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Free cash flow In corporate finance‚ free cash flow (FCF) is cash flow available for distribution among all the securities holders of an organization. They include equity holders‚ debt holders‚ preferred stock holders‚ convertible security holders‚ and so on. G. Bennett Stewart - the "economic model of value holds that share prices are determined by just two things: the cash to be generated over the lifetime of a business and the risk of the cash receipts”. GSB (1990)‚ “The Quest for Value”
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Internal cash control is very important to any business. Without effective methods in place to ensure that funds and resources are being used in an ethical and efficient way‚ a company may lose money or run into many other problems. Through proper establishment of responsibly‚ segregation of duties‚ document procedures‚ and security measures‚ any company should be able to maintain their funds and feel confident that their employees are producing accurate and ethical results. In the exercise detailing
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Petty cash fund is a relatively small amount of cash that businesses keep on hand for the purpose of small transactions such as providing change to customers‚ postage expenses‚ highway tolls etc. In such transactions‚ the use of checks is time consuming‚ costly or illogical. Usually a custodian is appointed to administer the petty cash and it is his/her duty to account for the expenses incurred out of petty cash fund. Whenever the custodian makes any payment from the fund to an employee or a customer
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changes in cash and cash equivalents of an entity by means of a statement of cash flows‚ which classifies cash flows during the period according to operating‚ investing‚ and financing activities. Fundamental principle in IAS 7 All entities that prepare financial statements in conformity with IFRSs are required to present a statement of cash flows. [IAS 7.1] The statement of cash flows analyses changes in cash and cash equivalents during a period. Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash on hand and
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discounted cash flow (DCF In finance‚ discounted cash flow (DCF) analysis is a method of valuing a project‚ company‚ or asset using the concepts of the time value of money. All future cash flows are estimated and discounted to give their present values (PVs) — the sum of all future cash flows‚ both incoming and outgoing‚ is the net present value (NPV)‚ which is taken as the value or price of the cash flows in question. Using DCF analysis to compute the NPV takes as input cash flows and a discount
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