HOW FAST ARE CHEMICAL REACTIONS? THEORY The study of reaction rates‚ how fast or how slow a reaction takes place‚ is known as chemical kinetics. The rate of chemical reactions varies greatly. Some reactions‚ such as the explosion of an atom bomb are uncontrollable. Reactions like the decay of radioactive carbon (14C) are so slow that it takes centuries to see any noticeable change. Between the two extremes are reactions that can be measured in the laboratory. There are several factors that
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Epsom salt have many uses‚ including use as bath salts‚ as a laxative and as a plant nutrient. Epsom salt contains hydrated magnesium sulphate which has the formula MgSO4.xH2O. Experiment to find the value of x in a pure sample of hydrated magnesium sulphate. The method i will use is heating a known mass of magnesium sulphate to remove the water of crystallisation. x is found by weighing before and after heating to find the mass of the water then using the moles calculations to find x. The source
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effects on plants‚ aquatic animals and infrastructure. Acid rain is caused by emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide‚ which react with the water molecules in the atmosphere to produce acids. Governments have made efforts since the 1970s to reduce the release of sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere with positive results. Nitrogen oxides can also be produced naturally by lightningstrikes and sulfur dioxide is produced by volcanic eruptions. The chemicals in acid rain can cause paint to peel‚corrosion of
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The issue of Global climate change is one of the utmost economic‚ social‚ and environmental challenges of this century. Analysis shows that greenhouse gas emissions are responsible for changes in the pattern of climate around the Globe. “Global pollution creates a “public bad” born by all – a negative externality with a wide impact” (M.Harris‚ 2002). Australia is considered to be the driest populated continent in the world and faces stern drought and water shortages. Reducing carbon emissions is
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All of the following are examples of primary air pollutants except. (c) tropospheric ozone 6. The greatest emission of sulfur dioxide comes from (C) Industrial processes 7. The least amount of nitrogen oxide emissions comes from (A) on road vehicles 8. The accumulation of tropospheric ozone at night depends mainly upon the atmospheric concentrations of (B) volatile organics 1. What are they? The six criteria air pollutants are sulfur dioxide‚ nitrogen oxides‚ carbon oxides‚lead‚particulate matter and tropospheric ozone. These
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series of processes through which all of the carbon atoms in existence rotate. The same carbon atoms in your body today have been used in countless other molecules since time began. The wood burned just a few decades ago could have produced carbon dioxide which through photosynthesis became part of a plant. When you eat that plant‚ the same carbon from the wood which was burnt can become part of you. The carbon cycle is the great natural recycler of carbon atoms. Unfortunately‚ the extent of its importance
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Naming Chemical Compounds PART A Name the following 1 S Sulfur 2 Sb Antimony 3 N2 Dinitrogen 4 PO43- Phosphate 5 Au Gold 6 Rb Rubidium 7 LiCl Lithium Cloride 8 AlBr3 Aluminum (III) Bromide 9 KMnO4 Potassium Manganate (VII) 10 Cu(OH)2 Copper (II) Hydroxide 11 FeSO4 Iron (II) Sulfate 12 NH4Cl Ammonium Chloride 13 ZnCO3 Zinc Carbonate 14 SnF2 Tin (II)Fluoride 15 MgSO4 Magnesium Sulfate 16 MnO2 Manganese (IV) Oxide 17 Ca3(PO4)2 Tricalcium Phosphate 18 NaOH Sodium Hydroxide
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CASE STUDY 1: Xstrata Produced Acidic Oxide – SULFUR DIOXIDE Industrial Process – Sulfur Dioxide is an acidic oxide produced domestically and industrially in many ways. Xstrata‚ particularly Mount Isa Mines LTD‚ produces sulfur dioxide as a by-product from the extraction of copper from ores. Copper ore mined in Australia is predominantly chalcopyrite (CuFeS2)‚ a sulfide ore of copper. The extraction of copper begins with crushing the ore and subjecting the crushed ore to froth floatation. In
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emission of carbon monoxide‚ Sulphur oxides and hydrocarbons has become a subject of growing concern and has led to increasing pressure for restrictions of burning of fossil fuels. It is estimated that currently more than 20 billion tons of carbon dioxide are being released in the atmosphere in this way every year. The discharge of these air pollutants is infecting and destroying river‚ lakes and oceans. Air‚ water and soil are harmed by pollution‚ these things are necessary for the survival of
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Acid rain is mostly caused by human emissions of sulfur and nitrogen compounds which react in the atmosphere to produce acids. In recent years‚ many governments have introduced laws to reduce these emissions. Emissions from volcanoes and those from biological processes that occur on the land‚ in wetlands‚ and in the oceans account for the contribution of the pricipal natural phenomena of acid-producing. However‚ the principal cause of acid rain is sulfur and nitrogen compounds from human sources‚ such
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