Evaluate the auditor’s role in the certification of the financial statements and conclude whether its work is effective in preventing major scandals on the lines of Enron and Worldcom. 1.0 ABSTRACT 2.0 ENRON-CORPORATE FIASCOS 3.0 HOW DID THE AUDITORS FAIL TO CATCH PROBLEMS AT ENRON? 4.0 HOW TO PREVENT RECURRENCE OF ENRON? 5.0 NEW RESPONSIBILITIES OF AUDITORS ACCORDING TO SARBANES-OXLEY ACT 2002 6.0 CONCLUSION 7.0 REFERENCES 1.0 ABSTRACT The responsibility of an auditor is to express
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and applied by all in the world of politics‚ sports‚ science‚ and business. In the complex world of finance and accounting‚ the importance of ethical behavior and professionalism cannot be stressed enough. The Enron Corporation evidently did not read the code of ethics or morals. Although Enron had the makings of a successful corporation‚ Enron’s unethical behavior ultimately led to its downfall. As we have learned in financial accounting‚ the income statement shows a “company’s operating performance
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Enron is a company that specializes in energy and power industry. They provide gas‚ oil‚ and electrical services worldwide. These comprise wholesale services‚ retail energy services‚ broadband services‚ and transportation services. They have reported revenues of $100.789billion‚ $40.112billion‚ and $31.260 billion for the years 2000‚ 1999‚ and 1998 respectively. This is a growth of 151.3% from year 1999 to 2000 and 28.3% from 1998 to 1999. This is unparalleled in the relatively stable energy business
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person responsible for the downfall of Enron. When he became the CFO in 1998‚ he came up with the plan to make the company appear in great shape by using the mark-to-market accounting practice. The company would build an asset‚ such as a power plant‚ and immediately claim the projected profit on its books‚ even though it hadn’t made one dime from it. If the revenue from the power plant was less than the projected amount‚ instead of taking the loss‚ the company would then transfer these assets to an
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classified by a large amount of research to help to improve management efficiency. It is essential for CEOs to recognize their specific responsibilities in different sizes of companies‚ which are to be compared and contrasted in the following three phases‚ management models‚ obligation sharing and social responsibilities. For CEOs in both large and small companies‚ the responsibility lies in choosing and following management models which set a proper framework for the companies. A management model
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of Enron were the large number of highly complex accounting entries. For example energy traders were required to book all the projected profits from a supply contract in the quarter in which the deal is made. Such accounting procedures are inherently risky as they make assumptions about price forecasts which can drastically affect earnings. Another inherent risk factor is the frequency of related party transactions. The special purpose entities Enron was trading with were created by Enron and
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Case 1.1 - Enron Corporation ------------------------------------------------- Discussion 1 The parties we believe to be most at fault for the crisis in this case are a) the Audit Firm engaged in the Enron audit (Arthur Andersen); b) Enron Management (Kenneth Lay‚ Jeffrey Skilling‚ Andrew Fastow; and c) the SEC. The Public Accounting Firm: Arthur Andersen The auditor has the responsibility to evaluate the risk of material fraud‚ including: * Incentives and motives for fraud : Enron was a fast
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managementacceptable and in what instances is it not acceptable. Before defining what earnings management is‚ it is important to understand the meaningof earnings first. Earnings are the profits of a company. Investors and analysts look to earningsto determine the attractiveness of a particular share. Companies with poor earnings prospectswill typically have lower share prices than those with good prospects. Remember that acompany’s ability to generate profit in the future plays a very important role in
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Theories to the Enron Debacle: An Ethical Perspective Blackwell Oxford‚ Business BASR © 0045-3609 O 1 110 BUSINESS CULPAN riginal 2004 Center UK Article and and Publishing‚ and TRUSSEL Society for SOCIETY Business Ltd. Review REVIEW Ethics at Bentley College REFIK CULPAN AND JOHN TRUSSEL INTRODUCTION W e examine the infamous Enron debacle from an ethical perspective by defining its theoretical underpinnings and analyzing the unethical conduct by top executives at the company in the areas of accounting
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Large Intestine By Pamela Hankinson For HAP II October Large Intestine Many people often confuse the large intestine with the small intestine. However the large intestine is wider (about 3 inches) yet shorter than the small intestine (in humans about 4.9 feet in length as compared with 22 - 25 feet for the small intestine) and has a smooth inner wall. (Britannica) The large intestine consists of the cecum‚ ascending‚ transverse‚ descending and sigmoid colon‚ rectum
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