Chpt.16 Financial Leverage and Capital Structure Financial Leverage Chapter Outline Financial Leverage Effect of leverage Break-even Analysis Homemade Leverage M&M Propositions (I & II): optimal D/E? No tax Corporate tax Corporate tax & bankruptcy costs Corporate & personal taxes Arbitrage The Capital-Structure Question and The Pie Model The value of a firm is defined to be the sum of the value of the firm’s debt and the firm’s equity. V=E+B If the goal of the management of the firm is
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Chapter 15. Mini Case | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Situation | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Assume you have just been hired as a business manager of PizzaPalace‚ a regional pizza restaurant chain. The company’s EBIT was $50 million last year and is not expected to grow. The firm is currently financed with all equity and it has 10 million shares outstanding. When you took your corporate finance course‚ your instructor stated that most firms’ owners
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the capital structure decision for a firm that starts with zero debt. Either Case 9 or Case 10‚ but not both‚ should be assigned. The primary analytical tool is valuation analysis‚ although the case briefly introduces the Modigliani and Miller (MM) with corporate taxes and Miller models. The case also illustrates financial risk by looking at the impact of leverage on ROE. Time Required The case requires 3-4 hours of preparation‚ plus an additional hour if the case has to be handed in. Complexity
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Supplementary Notes: Capital Structure by Kyung Hwan Shim University of New South Wales Australian School of Business School of Banking & Finance for FINS 1613 S1 2011 May 14‚ 2011 ∗ These notes are preliminary and under development. They are made available for FINS 1613 S1 2011 students only and may not be distributed or used without the author’s written consent. ∗ 1 Contents 1 Introduction 2 Financial Leverage 3 M&M Proposition I: Capital Structure Irrelevance 4 M&M Proposition II:
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Hamada equation‚ and transform this equation to calculate a firm’s unlevered beta‚ bU. • Illustrate through a graph the premiums for financial risk and business risk at different debt levels. • List the assumptions under which Modigliani and Miller proved that a firm’s value is unaffected by its capital structure‚ then explain trade-off theory‚ signaling theory‚ and the effect of taxes and bankruptcy costs on capital structure. • List a number of factors or practical considerations
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Managerial Finance – Problem Review Set – Capital Structure and Leverage 1) If a firm utilizes debt financing‚ an X% decline in earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) will result in a decline in earnings per share that is larger than X. a. True b. False 2) Firm A has a higher degree of business risk than Firm B. Firm A can offset this by using less financial leverage. Therefore‚ the variability of both firms ’ expected EBITs could
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Financial Leverage‚ and the Optimal Capital Structure TEAM D1 Laura Hamin – lhny86@nycap.rr.com Raymond Negron – ffnegron@hotmail.com Eulises Roman – ermediaus@aol.com Myeshia Wagner – mrs.wagner1982@yahoo.com Table of Contents Executive Summary 3 Introduction 3 Analysis 4 Figure 1: Risk Comparison between Plans L and H 4 Figure 2: Operating probability under Plan L and H 5 Figure 3: Expected ROIC under plan L 5 Figure 4: Expected ROIC under plan H 6 Figure 5: Expected EBIT‚ NOPAT and future
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an optimal capital structure exists? What are the potential determinants of such optimal capital structure? These are the questions to be answered by a researcher. Related Literature The first paper on capital structure was written by Miller and Modigliani in 1958. They conceptually proved that the value of firm in not dependent upon the capital structure decision given that certain conditions are met. Because of the unrealistic assumptions in MM irrelevance theory‚ research on capital structure
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------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Assume you have just been hired as a business manager of PizzaPalace‚ a regional pizza restaurant chain. The company ’s EBIT was $50 million last year and is not expected to grow. The firm is currently financed with all equity‚ and it has 10 million shares outstanding. When you took your corporate finance course‚ your instructor stated that most firms ’ owners
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Case Study: Hill County Snack Food Co. 1.1 How much business risk does Hill County face? Hill County operates in a very competitive market where new potential entrants can be a threat to its operation either through lower price offering or lower production cost. Competition from peer companies has significant effect on its operation‚ because Hill County is price taker in the market‚ that is‚ increase in prices is not one of the choices it can implement. Also‚ due to the fact that its profitability
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