EXTRACTION OF XANTHONE IN GARCINIA MANGOSTANA L. (MANGOSTEEN) FOR TOOTHPASTE BY : BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (CHEMISTRY SCIENCE) CHAPTER 1 1.1 INTRODUCTION 1.2.1 Introduction Mangosteen is the common name for Garcinia mangostana L. (GML). The fruit is dark purple or reddish in colour‚ with white‚ soft‚ and juicy edible pulp. The fruit taste is sweet with a slightly acid and also have a pleasant aroma. Nowadays‚ there were a lot of studies and researches about the extraction
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Journal of Food Engineering 95 (2009) 240–253 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Food Engineering journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jfoodeng Review Application of supercritical CO2 in lipid extraction – A review F. Sahena a‚ I.S.M. Zaidul a‚*‚ S. Jinap a‚ A.A. Karim b‚ K.A. Abbas a‚ N.A.N. Norulaini c‚ A.K.M. Omar b a b c Faculty of Food Science and Technology‚ Universiti Putra Malaysia‚ 43400 UPM Serdang‚ Selangor D.E.‚ Malaysia School of Industrial Technology‚ University
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the Extraction lab is to separate and purify benzoic acid‚ 2-naphthol‚ and naphthalene. These organic solids are purified by partitioning the solid in 2 immiscible solvents‚ diethyl ether and sodium bicarbonate or sodium hydroxide. II. Significance a. The significance of the Extraction lab is to purify Acetanilide benzoic acid‚ 2-naphthol‚ and naphthalene by determining the partition coefficient. This value is determined by dividing the solubility of the given solute in the extraction solvent
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Extraction Separation of a Carboxylic Acid‚ a Phenol‚ and a Neutral Substance Purpose The objective of the experiment is to identify the three substances in the mixture and to determine the percent recovery of each from the mixture. The unknown will consist of either benzoic acid or 2-chlorobenzoic acid‚ 4-t-butyl phenol. Determine the weight of crystals and also the percent yield Introduction There are various techniques of extractions‚ solid/liquid extraction‚ which
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The St Venant Equations Dr P A Sleigh Dr I M Goodwill School of Civil Engineering‚ University of Leeds March 2000 1 THE DERIVATION OF THE CONTINUITY EQUATION ...........................................................................................1 2 THE DERIVATION OF THE DYNAMIC OR MOMENTUM EQUATION. ...............................................................2 3 THE SOLUTION OF THE ST VENANT EQUATIONS ...................................................................
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Fluid Balance Explain in detail the fluid compartments of the body‚ including distribution of fluid and electrolytes within each compartment and the movement between compartments. In the average person water constitutes 60% to the total body weight.: 42L in a 70kg individual. 40% is intracellelular fluid‚ while remaining 20% is extracellular. The extracellular fluid can be divided into plasma (from intravascular compartment) and interstitial fluid intracellular fluid (28 L‚ about 35% of lean
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1. Identify each of the following statements as either true or false. If false‚ explain why. (a) Viscosity is a measure of how easily a fluid flows. (b) Although important‚ fluids are not essential to many living things. (c) A meniscus forms when water particles adhere to the sides of their container. (d) Buoyancy‚ like water pressure‚ acts in all directions. 2. Describe the relationship between mass‚ volume‚ and density of matter. 3. Use the particle theory to explain the differences between
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Experiment 3: Fluid Flow Friction and Fitting Loss Objective To determine the pressure or head loss in different diameters pipes‚ joints and valves Theory Pipe flows belong to a broader class of flows‚ called internal flows‚ where the fluid is completely bounded by solid surfaces. In contrast‚ in external flows‚ such as flow over a flat plate or an airplane wing‚ only part of the flow is bounded by a solid surface. The term pipe flow is generally used to describe flow through round pipes
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EXPERIMENT 13： Extraction: Extraction with acid and alkali Objective 1. To recover the benzoic acid and p-dichlorobenzene from its mixture from its mixture by using acid-alkali extraction. 2. To determine the percentage recovery and melting point of the recovered benzoic acid and p-dichlorobenzene. Introduction Acid-base extraction is a process which purifying the acids and bases from mixtures based on their chemical properties. Acid-base extraction is performed to isolate the compounds and natural
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1.0 TITLE Extraction of Phenol and Flavanoid compound of the edible brown seaweed species (Eucheuma Cottonii). 2.0 INTRODUCTION 2.1 An overview of Seaweed Macro-algae or “seaweeds” are multicellular plants growing in salt or fresh water. They belong to the lower plants‚ meaning that they do not have roots‚ stems and leaves. Instead they are composed of a thallus (leaf-like) and sometimes a stem and a foot (holdfast). Some species have gas-filled structures to provide buoyancy. They are often
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