Capillaries exchange fluids‚ gasses‚ heat‚ nutrients and wastes to the tissues through diffusion. Capillary walls contain small pores that are selectively permeable allowing only certain molecules to pass in and out. This exchange is controlled by blood pressure through hydrostatic pressure and osmotic pressure. Osmotic pressure is produced by high levels and salts and proteins in the blood. As blood enters the capillary by the arteriole end the blood pressure is higher than the osmotic pressure
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When veins do not work properly‚ it is called venous insufficiency. This means that the veins are not effectively sending the blood back to the heart. The severity of venous insufficiency differs with each person. If the problem goes untreated‚ the person may feel continuous symptoms of pain‚ swelling and fatigue in the legs and ankles. If the problem is advanced there are other symptoms such as leg ulcers‚ superficial thrombophlebitis‚ spontaneous bleeding and‚ possibly‚ deep vein thrombosis. Our
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Structure: Germinal Center- source of lymphocytes Afferent lymph veins Efferent lymph veins Medullary region – source of macrophages Types: 1. Cervical Lymph Nodes Cervical lymph nodes are lymph nodes
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Arteries carry blood away form the heart the extremities and organs. They have typical three layer blood vessel wall structure with a thick tunica media. The walls of arteries are highly compliant due to the elastic fibres present. The wall thickness of the arteries varies in based on the proximity to the heart. The elasticity of arteries allows pressure absorption from the left ventricle of the heart as it pumps blood into the arteries. There are two significant types of arteries‚ elastic and muscular
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right ventricle. This blood is then pumped under higher pressure from the right ventricle to the lungs via the pulmonary artery. Left-Hand Side of the Heart The left-hand side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs (via the pulmonary veins) into the left atrium. This oxygenated blood then passes through the bicuspid valve into the left ventricle. It is then pumped to the aorta under greater pressure (as explained below). This higher pressure ensures that the oxygenated blood leaving
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THE FACIAL PART OF THE HEAD OPERATIONS ON THE HEAD The border between the head and neck is the line which is drawn along the inferior margin of the mandible‚ apex of the mastoid process‚ superior nuchal line to the external occipital protuberance and passes on to another side. The facial part is composed of the following regions: the orbital region‚ the oral cavity region (the region of the mouth)‚ nose region (region of the nose)‚ the lateral region and deep region of the face. You studied
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6.9 1. Label the following diagram. A) Parietal brancha of superficial temporal artery B) Frontal branch of temporal artery C) Superficial temporal artery D) External carotid artery E) Internal carotid F) Vertebral artery G) Inferior thyroid artery H) Subclavian artery 2. What regions of the face are supplied by the external carotid artery? The face. 3. What is the significance of the transverse foramina in cervical vertebrae? They carry blood vessels and nerves from the body and the
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Compression therapy is a reliable method of treatment used for a variety of venous disorders and diseases‚ including varicose veins‚ deep vein thrombosis‚ and edema. As these maladies almost always occur in the lower body‚ compression stockings are the most effective and most prescribed treatment. While it is not known precisely how compression therapy works so well‚ it evidently prevents the blood from pooling and/or clotting‚ which helps the blood to flow more quickly back to the heart. Additionally
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Give the attachments‚ nerve supply and actions of: Trapezius‚ deltoid‚ serratus anterior‚ triceps brachii‚ biceps brachii‚ pronator teres‚ flexor digitorum superficialis‚ flexor digitorum profundus‚ supinator‚ muscles of thenar eminence‚ lumbricals. TRAPEZIUS : a) Flat muscle. b) It covers back of neck and upper part of trunk 1 Origin : External occipital protuberance Medial one‐third of superior nuchal line Ligamentum nuchae Spine of 7th cervical vertebra
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palmar or dorsal (back of the hand) Feet – plantar or dorsal Horizontal or Transverse Planes – divides the body into upper and lower half Proximal – nearer the root of limb Distal – relative distance is farther from the roots of the limbs Superficial or Deep – denote the relative distance of structures from the surface Superior (craniad) or Inferior (caudad) – denote levels relatively high or low Internal or External – relative distance of a structure from the center of the organ or cavity
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