Boiler Basics Design and operation A boiler is an enclosed vessel that provides a means for combustion heat to be transferred into water until it becomes heated water or steam. The hot water or steam under pressure is then usable for transferring the heat for the steam requirements of process industries or for power generation. Combustion boilers are designed to use the chemical energy in fuel to raise the energy content of water so that it can be used for heating and power applications. Many fossil
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structure. The defect is usually associated with alloys‚ because of the protracted manner in which freezing occurs in these metals. f) Hot Tearing: This defect also called hot cracking occurs when the casting is restrained or early stages of cooling after solidification. The defect is manifested as a separation of the metal (hence the terms tearing or cracking) at a point of high tensile stress caused by metal’s inability to shrink naturally. In sand casting and other expandable mold processes
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Helsinki University of Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering Energy Engineering and Environmental Protection Publications Steam Boiler Technology eBook Espoo 2002 Basics of Steam Generation Sebastian Teir Helsinki University of Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering Energy Engineering and Environmental Protection Table of contents Introduction.......................................................................................................................
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A SHORT INTRODUCTION TO TWO-PHASE FLOWS Condensation and boiling heat transfer Herv´ Lemonnier e DM2S/STMF/LIEFT‚ CEA/Grenoble‚ 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9 Ph. +33(0)4 38 78 45 40‚ herve.lemonnier@cea.fr herve.lemonnier.sci.free.fr/TPF/TPF.htm ECP‚ 2011-2012 HEAT TRANSFER MECHANISMS • Condensation heat transfer: – drop condensation – film condensation • Boiling heat transfer: – Pool boiling‚ natural convection‚ ´bullition en vase e – Convective boiling‚ forced convection‚ • Only for pure fluids. For
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China circa 3000BC Casting 2.810 Prof. Timothy Gutowski Casting since about 4000 BC… Ancient Greece; bronze statue casting circa 450BC Iron works in early Europe‚ e.g. cast iron cannons from England circa 1543 Outline • Sand Casting‚ Investment Casting‚ Die Casting • Basics and countermeasures • Phase Change‚ Shrinkage • Heat Transfer • Pattern Design • Variations & Developments • Environmental Issues Casting Readings; 1. Kalpakjian‚ Chapters 10‚ 11‚ 12 2. Booothroyd‚ “Design for Die
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produce 875-psi steam‚ superheated to 950 oF‚ and main condenser pressure is nominally 28.5-in Hg (vacuum). 6. Calculate the Carnot cycle efficiency for a marine propulsion plant with the same pressure conditions as the Steam Plant Simulator‚ but no superheat. 7. What are the difficulties that prevent an operating Carnot cycle from being built? 8. What are the four processes that make up the Rankine cycle? 9. The steam cycle diagram in MMEM Figure 3-2 is labeled‚ "Ideal Rankine Cycle". What are the
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LOST FOAM CASTING --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ABSTRACT: The Report presents some theoretical and practical aspects regarding the casting of alloys in lost foam moulds. The stages of the procedure‚ the economic benefits and several ecological aspects are synthetically presented. KEY WORDS: casting‚ alloys‚ lost foam process‚ Expanded polystyrene -------------------------------------------------
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Steam Generators A steam generator generates steam at the desired rate at the desired pressure and temperature by running fuel in its furnace (used in both fossil-fuel and nuclear-fuel electric generating power stations). It is a complex integration of furnace‚ superheater‚ reheater‚ boiler or evaporator‚ economizer and air preheater along with various auxiliaries such as pulverizers‚ burners‚ fans‚ stokers‚ dust collectors and precipitators‚ ash handling equipment and chimney/stack. Steam
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AJAY KUMAR GARG ENGINEERING COLLEGE 27th km DELHI -HAPUR BY PASS ROAD GHAZIABAD -201009 A REPORT ON INDUSTRIAL TRAINING [pic] AT U.P POWER TRANSMISSION CORPN. LTD 132 KV SUB –STATION‚ GZB SUBMITTED BY SUBMITTED TO SARANG SAXENA Asstt. Prof. RAVINDER KUMAR EN-F DEPT. OF ELECTRICAL AND
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REFERENCES……………………………………………………………..K 1. Introduction: Demand of heat energy increased greatly in different fields of engineering during the last decade. Cooling and heating demand has already been increasing due to the evolving comfort expectations and technological development around the world. Climate change has brought additional challenges for cooling and heating systems designers. Efficient and economical technology that can be used to store large amounts of heat or cold in a definite volume is the
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