1. What is the history and development of the juvenile court and justice process? The history of the juvenile court and system dates back to the year 1824 in the United States‚ which was “The House of Refuge” in New York. “The House of Refuge was the first juvenile house of the United States. In 1899‚ Cook County in the state of Illinois established the first juvenile court. Youth in the juvenile court system dating back before the year of 1967 did not have constitutional legal rights. It was not
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The state of Georgia has approximately 350 municipal courts and five classes of trial-level courts: the magistrate‚ probate‚ juvenile‚ state and superior courts‚ along with two appellate-level courts: the Supreme Court and the Court of Appeals. In a magistrate court‚ warrants are issued‚ bail can be set for defendants‚ civil disputes such as violations‚ bad checks‚ landlord and tenant cases are settled‚ and minor criminal offenses are charged. In magistrate court‚ cases can be settled within the
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In December‚ Republican North Carolina Governor Pat McCrory signed into law a bill that limits Gov. –elect Roy Cooper’s power in making appointments by combining the elections board with the State Ethics Commission. The State Ethics Commission oversees ethics laws governing lobbyists‚ elected officials‚ and government employees. Under this law‚ governor successors are only able to appoint 50% of the new board’s members under the requirement that two must be Republicans. Legislative leaders would
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"The judicial Power of the United States‚ shall be vested in one supreme Court‚ and in such inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish." In accordance with this directive‚ the federal judiciary is divided into three main levels. At the bottom are the federal district courts‚ which have original jurisdiction in most cases of federal law. Made up of 92 districts‚ the federal district court system has at least one bench in each of the 50 states‚ as well as one each in the
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Assignment Court Comparison Contrast Paper States and federal court system State The state court system is diverse and each state has its own judiciaries. The state has organized systems of courts and special court groups. Inferior courts are the lowest level of state courts that includes municipal‚ magistrate‚ police‚ and county‚ justice of the peace‚ and traffic courts‚ sometimes informal with minor civil and criminal cases. Superior court handles serious offenses known as state district
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United States Supreme Court cases are argued and decided on Constitutional grounds. All arguments and decisions are based on interpretations of the original Constitution and‚ more often‚ on Constitutional amendments. GIDEON v. WAINWRIGHT In June 1961‚ Clarence Gideon was arrested and charged with breaking and entering in Bay Harbor. He was tried in a Florida Circuit Court in August 1961. Gideon stated in Court that he was unable to afford a lawyer and asked the Judge to appoint one for him
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Government Court Cases Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) 1. The Supreme Court had to decide if the state had power over the federal government in regulating commerce based on Article I Section 8. 2. Aaron Ogden was granted a license to run a steam-driven ferry monopoly in New York. Thomas Gibbons‚ his previous competitor‚ decided to continue running his ferries in defiance of the monopoly‚ so Ogden decided to sue Gibbons for trying to block his business and won in all the New York courts. 3. In this
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History of the United States Court System Abstract When Congress first met on March 4‚ 1789‚ one of the first items of business was to fulfill the requirements of Article III‚ section 1‚ of the Constitution. Article III‚ section 1‚ provides that the "judicial power of the United States‚ shall be vested in one supreme Court‚ and in such inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish." The First Congress responded by enacting the Judiciary Act of 1789‚ which established
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An appellate court is a court that takes initial trial decisions into review upon the outcome being seen as unconstitutional by either the defendant or the government. Congressional act of 1789 Created a supreme court‚ appoint 6 justices and establish a lower federal court system. Various acts of congress have changed the number of seats in the supreme court over the years. the lowest amounts between 5-6 and the highest 10. In fact after the civil war the seats were fixed to nine‚ that’s 1 chief
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The Warren Court The 1960’s was an evolution of change in American history. When Earl Warren became Chief Justice of Supreme Court in 1953 it made the most dramatic changes and held a far more liberal view than any other Supreme Court before. Some of its most important rulings were on African-American civil liberties. The Supreme Court changed American law on segregation in schools‚ criminal procedure‚ and privacy rights. Before the Warren Court the American law treated blacks as second class citizens
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