PEER TO PEER ARCHITECTURE : Synopsis In a peer-to-peer (P2P) network‚ every machine plays the role of client and server at the same time. Although a P2P network has a number of advantages over the traditional client-server model in terms of efficiency and fault-tolerance‚ additional security threats can be introduced. Users and IT administrators need to be aware of the risks from propagation of malicious code‚ the legality of downloaded content‚ and vulnerabilities within peer-to-peer software.
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After the Norman Conquest in Britain‚ the concept of jury system were then imported‚ though in presence function were quite different compare to the early. The jury system is considered important in the English Legal system now‚ although only a small number of cases were used. It is absolute necessary role to ensuring the criminal justice system works for the advantage of the public rather than advantage of the unjust leader. In the trial process in England and Wales were involved. In the magistrates’
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The jury trial is often considered to be one of the most controversial elements of the criminal justice system in UK and Wales. Although for many people trial by jury seems to be the fairest and the most unbiased way of establishing the person’s guilt or innocence‚ the practice shows that this method has many disadvantages and may cause serious concerns in the society. In this small research we shall try to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the jury trial and describe further perspectives
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History of the Jury System Juries have been used in the legal system for over 1000 years. Originally they were used for providing local knowledge and information and acted more as witnesses than decision – makers. By the middle of the 15th Century‚ juries had become independent assessors and assumed their modern role as deciders of fact. Independence of the Jury Bushell’s Case (1670) – jurors refused to convict Quaker activists of unlawful assembly. The trial judge would not accept the ‘not
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Effects of racism In the passage‚ “Her Solitary Place” by Susan Dion and autobiography‚ “Indian Education” by Sherman Alexie both show the assimilation by white people. Differently‚ the character in “Indian Education” can change his living stander through his work and knowledge‚ but the only fate of character in “Her Solitary Place” is death. To begin with‚ both of these two passages show some kind of assimilation by white people. For example the passage “Her Solitary Story” points out that “Back
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Brown Professor Evermind English 1302 2 March 2012 The Irony in Trifles The play Trifles written by Susan Glaspell is set in the nineteenth century. A trifle is a thing of little value or importance‚ so in the play Trifles the irony of the story is quite humorous. In this time period women were not treated as equals‚ men believed women did not have as much intellect as themselves‚ and treated them accordingly. With this in mind the irony of the play revolves around how much better the women were
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“Along the way and in 1987‚ these 2 house staffers will be taken before a grand jury for possible murder charges and while the grand jury will not charge them with murder‚ it will charge them with 38 counts of gross negligence &/or gross incompetence. Under New York law‚ the investigative body for these charges was the Hearing Committee of the State Board for Professional Medical Conduct and between April 1987 and January 1989‚ this committee will have conducted 30 hearings at which 33 witnesses
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Jury Nullification occurs when a jury returns a verdict against the proof of guilt because the jurors believe the law to be unjust or unjustly applied. As a result‚ the defendant is declared innocent‚ or is given a lesser penalty‚ even though without an act of jury nullification they would have been found guilty. This is a source of much debate in today’s society. Some maintain that it is an important safeguard or last resort against wrongful punishment and imprisonment; while others often view
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What are juries? Jury is undoubtedly part and parcel to the essence of a fair trial in the context of the English Legal system or in a wider context‚ the common law system. So what are juries? And what are their contributions to the English Legal system? The word ‘jury’ derived from Anglo-French‚ ‘Jure’ which means ‘sworn’. Historically‚ the modern concept of jury has its roots from old Germanic tribes which a council of men were used to judge the accused. In Anglo-Saxon England‚ the role of juries
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JURY NULLIFICATION Jury Nullification Paper University of Phoenix Theresa Weekly December 5‚ 2010 Introduction Jury nullification is the act of a jury in exonerating a defendant‚ even though they are truly guilty of violating the law. When this happens‚ the defendant is found innocent‚ even though without an act of jury nullification they would have been found
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