Agency theory relative to corporate governance assumes a two-tier form of firm control: managers and owners. Agency theory holds that there will be some friction and mistrust between these two groups. The basic structure of the corporation‚ therefore‚ is the web of contractual relations among different interest groups with a stake in the company. In general‚ there are three sets of interest groups within the firm. Managers‚ stockholders and creditors (such as banks). Stockholders often have conflicts
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has been made to select the Fortune 500 Company UnitedHealth Group to invest in. UnitedHealth Group operates in all 50 states and is based out of Minnetonka‚ Minnesota. The purpose of this paper is to identify the company’s internal and external stakeholders‚ describe their wants and needs‚ and explain how the company is fulfilling those needs. UnitedHealth Group UnitedHealth Group is a prominent health care company‚ serving more than 75 million individuals worldwide. UnitedHealth Group touches
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Agency theory Agency theory identifies the agency relationship where one party‚ the principal‚ delegates work to another party‚ the agent. In the context of a corporation‚ the owners are the principal and the directors are the agent. This model of corporate governance and subsequent research focused on resolving conflicts of interest between corporate management and shareholders (Jensen and Meckling‚ 1976) and has largely adopted an agency theory approach. Key assumption is that the principals and
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Refinements to Legitimacy Theory in Social and Environmental Accounting Matthew V. Tilling Flinders University‚ South Australia The author wishes to acknowledge the valuable support provided by the CPA Australia in funding this research through their Research Grant Scheme. COMMERCE RESEARCH PAPER SERIES NO. 04-6 ISSN: 1441-3906 “Legitimacy is a generalized perception or assumption that the actions of an entity are desirable‚ proper‚ or appropriate within some socially constructed system of
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John Mill’s Utilitarianism theory * All his theory focuses on is maximizing utility for the greatest number of people possible * Moral as long as it is the “best action” to maximize happiness for the greatest number‚ even if a single person has to sacrifice * BP’s oil spill throughout the Gulf of Mexico is exactly the opposite from Mill’s theory because it actually minimizes utility for everyone who is affected. The spill devastated coastal beaches and businesses that relied on tourism
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How ratio analysis benefits the stakeholders of a company Ratio analysis is a type of financial information that always prepared to satisfy in some way the needs of various interested parties (stakeholders). Below are some of the benefits that the stakeholders can get from the ratio analysis: Planning and Forecasting Management uses the ratio analysis to identify the future trends of its financial performance. With those information‚ its provide opportunity for the management team in planning
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the society. In this report‚ it will use Legitimacy theory to explain BP’s response to this event. Legitimacy theory can be treated as a explanation for voluntary corporate disclosures in annual report. As (Dowling&Pfeffer‚ 1975) says a corporation must act in congruence with norms and society value. First of all‚ Legitimacy theory is based on the concept of substantive rationality and replies upon the notion of a social contract. This theory asserts that organizations seek to ensure that they
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City of Resident # 1 - Good (morning)‚ (afternoon)‚ (evening) Kardell Paper Company board of directors. Kardell Paper Co. has been a good company‚ employing 500 people from our town. You have always complied with regulatory agencies‚ and have been compliant with releasing only very small quantities of sonox. Test showed there were higher concentrations at Kardell Paper Company’s discharge point; however you remain compliant with regulations. Yes‚ we realize that you are not the only company discharging
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Theory X‚ Theory Y by Douglas McGregor is a motivation theory. Douglas McGregor is a social psychologist and applied two sets of assumptions to the organizational structure called Theory X and Theory Y. His theory is based on managerial views of human beings. In his book‚ The Human Side of Enterprise‚ he outlined a new role for managers. He stated that managers should assist subordinates in reaching their full potential‚ rather than commanding and controlling. Theory X is negative and Theory Y can
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Philosophy Ego Theory and Bundle Theory Derek Parfit’s views on personal identity and the Ego and Bundle Theory are all summarized in his article “Divided Minds and the Nature of Persons”. In his article‚ Parfit explains the distinction between Ego theory and Bundle theory and provides several arguments against Ego Theory. Although it proves to be very difficult to believe the Bundle Theory‚ Parfit’s critique is convincing and well thought out. In order to defend the Bundle Theory of personal identity
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