Comment: Treat a Grignard reagent as an alkyl nucleophile i.e. CH3MgBr is equivalent to CH3- nucleophile. The Grignard reagent can also react with RX to form a longer chain alkane. Example: CH3CH2MgBr + CH3CH2Br CH3CH2CH2CH3 + MgBr2 In general‚ basicity parallels nucleophilic strength since both of them depend on the availability of the lone pair of electrons. The Grignard reagent is not only able to function as a nucleophile; it can operate as a base too by reacting with water to
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Discussion The possible identity of the unknown organisms in the mixed culture was limited to bacteria that we had worked with previously in lab. Initially a Gram stain was conducted in order to distinguish the unknown bacterium as a Gram-positive and/or a Gram-negative organism (Lancaster and Bennett‚ 2012; Kellenberger‚ 2001). Based upon the results‚ both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria were observed in the unknown mixed culture (Table 1 and Table 2; Kellenberger‚ 2001). In order
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Identifying Unknown Bacteria Using Biochemical and Molecular Methods Beginning of Instructor Pages Instructor Pages - - 3 Purpose The purpose of this lab is to introduce a variety of lab techniques to students working on the common problem of identifying an unknown bacterium. This lab helps students develop an understanding of the biochemical and molecular differences in bacteria and introduces the concept of identifying species based on characeristic gene sequences. Students work through
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The Fear of The Unknown The short stories of Ben Loory‚ Stories for Nighttime and Some for the Day‚ exhibit numerous postmodern qualities through literary context‚ language and themes. One of these reoccurring themes within the collection is the concept of fear of the unknown. Three stories exemplary of this theme are “The Magic Pig‚” “The Fish in the Teapot‚” and “The Snake in the Throat.” In every one of these stories chosen there is an appearance of an object. One character is tortured by the
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Title: Relativities of Alkyl Halides in Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions Introduction: The purpose of this lab was to perform a comparison of relative reactivities of various alkyl halides with two different reagents‚ sodium iodine in acetone and silver nitrate in ethanol. (Below are the reaction equations). We used different substrates‚ which were primary‚ secondary‚ and tertiary. These substrates included 2-bromobutane‚ 2-bromo-2-methylpropane‚ 1-bromobutane ∞-Bromotoluene‚ bromobenzene
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Antony R 9:00Am-11Am Unknown Number 94 Unknown Results Streptococcus salivarius The first step in my unknown identification was to carry out a gram stain to observe the cell shape and arrangement. My unknown turned out to be gram positive bacteria cocci shaped with long chain cell arrangement. The unknown was gram positive because the cells stained blue-violet ‚this indicate that my unknown has ability to retain crystal violet-iodine after alcohol application on the cells which is a gram
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through the use of wet chemical tests. In this manner‚ Unknown A which was a colorless solution‚ was first tested with 2‚4-DNP which after mixing for a few seconds formed a bright yellow precipitate. Although this confirms the presence of either a ketone or aldehyde group‚ one simple chemical test does not completely specify the presence or absence of other functional groups. Therefore‚ a second test was made in order to test for the presence of alkyl halides (R-Br or R-I specifically). However‚ after
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Experiment 2 – Identification of Inorganic Solids Jesse Galina CHM 101 Lab Monday October 1‚ 2012 Unknown Solid – 2 Identifying my cation was rather easy because of the color of the powder when it was first given to me. It was pinkish/slight red when solid and when it was grounded up even further. This observation ruled out every cation except for some hydrated Co (II) salts. After being dissolved in water‚ the solution turned pink which agrees with the statement that the cation was Co
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the density of water and an unknown liquid. Density is defined as the mass of a substance divided by its volume. It is an intrinsive property of matter and is used to specifically characterize substances. III. Procedure: 1.We massed an empty 10mL graduated cylinder to the nearest .01g. 2.Then‚ we filled the graduated cylinder with 4.0-5.0 mL of distilled water‚ 3.massed it to the nearest 0.1 ml and 4. recorded the data. Then to determine the density of the unknown liquid; we repeated the steps
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"The Unknown Citizen" is an occasional poem. That is to say‚ it is a poem written to mark a specific occasion or event. The occasion is indicated in the lines contained in parenthesis that precede the body of the poem. As these lines indicate‚ the poem is a written monument that functions like a cenotaph: it commemorates a fallen man whose identity is unknown. However‚ unlike the soldier who falls in a battle of war‚ the battle this individual appears to be unwittingly a part of is a social battle
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