Introduction In this lab‚ caproic acid was synthesized in a multi-step process that involved the synthesis of three intermediates – diethyl n-butylmalonate‚ potassium n-butylmalonate‚ and n-butyl malonic acid respectively. An IR was used to characterize the starting material‚ n-bromobutane‚ and the first intermediate‚ diethyl n-butylmalonate; while IR and NMR were used to characterize the final product‚ caproic acid. Reactions‚ Mechanism and Theory Caproic acid a.k.a n-hexanoic acid is a carboxylic
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Analysis of the Non-Correspondence between Central Luzon State University Business Administration sophomore students’ major field of study and their freshmen preferred accounting course Title Page Approval Sheet Biographical Sketch Acknowledgement Table of Contents List of Figures List of Tables List of Appendices I. The Problem and its Background Introduction Statement of the Problem Objectives of the Study Significance of the Study Scope and Limitation Definition of Terms Conceptual
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Results: Limiting Reactant: Eq 1 Limiting reactant = Benzoin Theoretical yield of Benzil: Eq 2 Theoretical Yield Benzil | 0.296 g | Mass of Crude Benzil | 0.188 g | Mass of Final Benzil | 0.127 g | % Yield | 43% | % Recovery | 66% | Table 1: Mass of crude/final Benzil‚ % yield‚ and % recovery Percent Yield: % Yield = (Final product/Theoretical product) x 100 Eq 3 = (0.127 g/0.296 g) x 100 = 43% yield Percent Recovery
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AP English Language and Composition Reading Time: 15 minutes Suggested Writing Time: 40 minutes Television has kept the world entertained for decades. Although this holds true‚ some believe the children watching are susceptible to inappropriate programs on television. Although there are guidelines to follow for television programming‚ these guidelines are sometimes ignored. Carefully read the following six sources‚ including the introductory information for each source. Then synthesize
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“A penny saved is a penny earned” (Benjamin Franklin). In The United States virtually anyone can find a symbolic reminder of why the nation has flourished the way it has and why it continues. The pride that a usual American holds within themselves is the reason why the The United States continues to flourished rather then to terminate all the advancements. The smelly‚ bent‚ copper penny is one of those present reminders of the path and transition the nation had to go through in order to get to the
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The main goal of this experiment was to successfully clone human insulin cDNA into an expression vector. The gel electrophoresis results confirm that the inserts were successfully cloned into the expression vector based on the identical fragment position of each cut candidate in the gel. The fragment sizes of the both cut candidates produced on the gel when compared to the DNA ladder were larger‚ at roughly about 6000 base pairs and 6800 base pairs‚ than the predicted size of 2315 and 3119 base pairs
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Secondary excitotoxicity is thought to be more relevant to chronic neurodegenerative disorders than the classical acute form. In this pathway increased glutamate levels are not required as disturbances with the neuronal resting membrane potential cause glutamate receptors to be over-activated by physiological levels of glutamate. In a neuron which is affected by another pathological process and shows reduced ATP production‚ Na+ dysfunction or impaired glucose metabolism and as a result has an abnormal
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The movie Juno is fiction and came out in 2007. It is about Juno MacGuff a 16 year old high schooler who gets pregnant after her first time having intercourse with Paulie Bleeker‚ who is also in high school. Although 9 years old‚ this movie is still extremely relevant in today’s society in regards to teen pregnancy. It tackles all the different options one can take and how emotionally‚ physically‚ and mentally challenge this decision is‚ especially when you’re a teen. Psychologist David Elkind theorized
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The nonmutated form of DMPK functions in the production of protein kinase serine; this enzyme plays a role in intracellular communication and in the regulation of myosin phosphate. When DMPK is mutated‚ the proteins CUG-BP1‚ MBNL1 and INSR are displaced causing the splicing of troponin pre-mRNA which causes malfunctions in the cardiac conduction system‚ dominance of a chloride channel that causes myotonia‚ dominance of an insulin receptor that affects the sufficiency of insulin‚ and dominance of
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Introduction: The pharmacokinetics of a drug describes the journey of a drug through the body i.e. its absorption‚ bioavailability‚ distribution‚ metabolism and excretion. Opioids are substances (endogenous or synthetic)‚ which produce ‘opiate-like effects’. Opiates are alkaloids derived from the Papaver somniferum poppy e.g. Morphine‚ Codeine (a morphine-like agonist) and Methadone (a synthetic analogue of morphine) and are primarily used as analgesics.[1] Discussion: Morphine has a 4-ring structure
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