slows the reactivity‚ and the reaction does not go to completion. Therefore‚ the reaction procedure was modified as follows. First‚ HATU and DIPEA were used to activate the carboxyl group of rhodamine B‚ then the activated rhodamine B was reacted with 1-aminopyrene. By introducing this method‚ the reaction completed‚ affording the target product in high yield (70%). The structure of RH-PY was analyzed by 1H-NMR and ESI-TOF. Figure S1 shows the 1H-NMR spectrum of RH-PY. Interestingly‚ there are two series
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Secondary excitotoxicity is thought to be more relevant to chronic neurodegenerative disorders than the classical acute form. In this pathway increased glutamate levels are not required as disturbances with the neuronal resting membrane potential cause glutamate receptors to be over-activated by physiological levels of glutamate. In a neuron which is affected by another pathological process and shows reduced ATP production‚ Na+ dysfunction or impaired glucose metabolism and as a result has an abnormal
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derived from the Papaver somniferum poppy e.g. Morphine‚ Codeine (a morphine-like agonist) and Methadone (a synthetic analogue of morphine) and are primarily used as analgesics.[1] Discussion: Morphine has a 4-ring structure with a tertiary nitrogen (permits anchoring to opioid receptors) and 2 OH groups shown in Figure 1. When the benzene OH group is substituted for a methyl group‚ you obtain 3-methoxymorphine (codeine) shown in Figure 2.[2] Morphine’s route of administration
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enetics is the study of heritable changes in gene function that do not involve changes in the DNA sequence. Involves a methylation composition that affects the communication and response between cells and DNA. We all know DNA is your genetic makeup passed down from generation to generation. However‚ our DNA is intertwined with a protein known as histone. The bond between histones and DNA can vary along the DNA strand. This is caused by mythol group composition that cause the histones and DNA to coil
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The main goal of this experiment was to successfully clone human insulin cDNA into an expression vector. The gel electrophoresis results confirm that the inserts were successfully cloned into the expression vector based on the identical fragment position of each cut candidate in the gel. The fragment sizes of the both cut candidates produced on the gel when compared to the DNA ladder were larger‚ at roughly about 6000 base pairs and 6800 base pairs‚ than the predicted size of 2315 and 3119 base pairs
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The nonmutated form of DMPK functions in the production of protein kinase serine; this enzyme plays a role in intracellular communication and in the regulation of myosin phosphate. When DMPK is mutated‚ the proteins CUG-BP1‚ MBNL1 and INSR are displaced causing the splicing of troponin pre-mRNA which causes malfunctions in the cardiac conduction system‚ dominance of a chloride channel that causes myotonia‚ dominance of an insulin receptor that affects the sufficiency of insulin‚ and dominance of
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1’-azobiscyclohexanecarbonitrile. CHN analysis‚ IR spectroscopy‚ and Proton NMR analysis were used to prove its composition and structure. 1. Introduction The American Chemical Society databases were investigated through Scifinder Scholar Version X to find any information about Butyl 2-Cyano-(3‚5 dichloro-phenyl)-2-propenoate. There was no previous information present. Then‚ the microscale synthesis and characterization of Butyl 2-Cyano-(3‚5 dichloro-phenyl)-2-propenoate was conducted with the base catalyzed Knoevengael
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SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES AND ITS CYTOTOXIC EFFECT AGAINST THP-1 CANCER CELL LINE 1 * Department of Biotechnology‚ Modern College‚ Shivajinagar‚ University of Pune‚ Pune‚ India. Mrs Rebecca Thombre email rebecca.thombre@gmail.com Telephone 9822224957 020 400966725 ABSTRACT: Nanotechnology is a field of science which involves the synthesis and applications of nanoparticles. Silver nanoparticles (AgNp) have applications in various fields due to their unique
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Generally‚ this study aims to answer the question “How does the CLSU BA Sophomore students’ major Field of study not correspond with their freshman preferred accounting course?” Specifically‚ it aims to seek to answer the following questions: 1. What are the factors considered by the CLSU BA Sophomore students in their choice of major field of study? 2. What are the sources of information that CLSU BA Sophomore students used in their major field of study selection process? 3. How do those
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"One person’s craziness is another person’s reality"(Tim Burton). In this quote‚ Tim Burton is pointing out that people have our own reality. Philosophically‚ reality is whatever we think or perceive. There is no true or real perspective. Our perspective depends on our morals and beliefs. All our life‚ we perceive knowledge and information through different forms of language. Hence‚ our perspective is also limited by the language. Language is one of the unique things that people have. Language puts
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