EXP-10 CHEM 233L SYNTHESIS OF p-BROMOANILINE Introduction: In this experiment‚ p-bromoaniline was synthesized in three steps starting from aniline. Since the amino group of aniline is a strong activator of aromatic ring‚ direct bromination is impractical (equation 1). In order to make a desired product‚ amino group needed to be protected as the acetamide which also maintained ortho and para position but slowed down the rate of reaction (equation 2). Slow reaction rate would increase
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Lab #4 The Synthesis of Organic Polymers CHM2123‚ Section C October 21‚ 2014 Introduction: Organic polymers are macromolecules that are composed of smaller molecules called monomers. There are two main groups of polymers: natural polymers and unnatural (synthetic) polymers. Natural polymers include proteins such as cellulose and starch and are a necessity for our existence. On the other hand‚ synthetic polymers such as the polycarbonate in our lab goggles
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CHEM 3125 Experiment 4: Multistep synthesis of tetraphenylcyclopentadienone Overall Synthesis: CHEMICALS: wk 1: thiamine hydrochloride (1 g/student)‚ 95% ethanol (8 mls/ student)‚ 2M NaOH (5 mls/student)‚ benzaldehyde (4 mls/student) wk 2: 95% ethanol (30 mls/student) wk 3: acetic acid (6 mls/student)‚ ammonium nitrate (1 g/student)‚ 0.1g/ml cupric acetate (1.5 mls/student)‚ dichloromethane (6 mls/ student)‚ 30% acetone in heptanes (3 mls/student)‚ 95% ethanol (20 mls/student) wk 4:
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and industrial applications. Citric Acid is one of the organic acids commonly used as a chelating agent. It is considered an excellent chelating agent that binds metals. It is used to remove lime scale from boilers and evaporators. It can be used to soften water‚ which makes it useful in soaps and laundry detergents. By chelating the metals in hard water‚ it lets these cleaners produce foam and work better without need for water softening devices. Citric acid is the active ingredient in some bathroom
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Introduction The American Chemical Society databases were investigated through Scifinder Scholar Version X to find any information about Butyl 2-Cyano-(3‚5 dichloro-phenyl)-2-propenoate. There was no previous information present. Then‚ the microscale synthesis and characterization of Butyl 2-Cyano-(3‚5 dichloro-phenyl)-2-propenoate was conducted with the base catalyzed Knoevengael condensation of the butyl cyanoacetate and corresponding aldehyde (gkharas/235_14F/235_14F_Lab_2.pdf) and analysis. The elemental
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November 15‚ 2007 Synthesis of 1-Bromobutane Introduction: The purpose of this experiment is to synthesize 1-bromobutane from 1-butanol and sodium bromide. In order for this reaction to reach completion there are four major operations that need to be performed. The four major operations include refluxing‚ simple distillation‚ separation‚ and drying. To begin‚ in order for the compounds to react they will be dissolved in water and sulfuric acid will be added. The addition of sulfuric acid will then generate
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Ethanoic Acid Advantages: Ethanoic acid is non-toxic and is a weak acid‚ meaning it will not do any damage to most surfaces as it does not corrode or bind to other metals‚ therefore can be easily removed through washing or rinsing it. Disadvantages: Ethanoic Acid is the slowest de-scaler of the three acids‚ and is therefore the least effective. It also may cause an unpleasant smell‚ and can have a negative effect on the taste of coffee meaning one would need to spend longer time rinsing and cleaning
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AMINO ACIDS BY MEANS OF TITRATION CURVE ABSTRACT The aim of the experiment was to identify an unknown amino acid through acid-base titrations which was prepared in water to form an acidic solution. Each group prepared unknown amino acid hydrochloride. The pre-prepared basic solution was slowly added to the amino acid solution and pH change was closely observed using the pH meter. During these titrations the amino acid converted from cation to zwitterion to anion; zwitterion is an amino acid with
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Acid Rain and its Chemistry Acid rain is a type of pollution that is becoming a major threat to our planet and is need of attention. Acid rain has significantly increased ever since the industrial revolution‚ and now around the world‚ countries like Russia‚ China‚ and those in Europe are facing increasing levels of acidity in their rain. Not only is it becoming more acidic but it is also spreading by the pumping of sulfuric gasses deeper into the atmosphere from of the use of taller smokestacks
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Acid Rain Definition: The term acid rain refers to what scientists call acid deposition. It is caused by airborne acidic pollutants and has highly destructive results. Scientists first discovered acid rain in 1852‚ when the English chemist Robert Agnus invented the term. From then until now‚ acid rain has been an issue of intense debate among scientists and policy makers. Acid rain‚ one of the most important environmental problems of all‚ cannot be seen. The invisible gases that cause acid
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