18.1.4 – 18.1.6 CALCULATIONS INVOLVING ACIDS AND BASES Review of Important formulas pH = ‐ log10[H+] [H+] = 10‐pH pKa = ‐ log10 Ka Ka = 10‐pKa pOH = ‐ log10[OH‐] [OH‐] = 10‐pOH pKb = ‐ log10 Kb Kb = 10‐pKb The ionic product of water = Kw = [H+] x [OH‐] = 1.0 x 10‐14 mol2 dm‐6 at 298 K The expression varies with temperature
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furthering this statement‚ they state that sleep debt accrues sequentially night after night‚ and as long as it remains unpaid‚ it will continue to stack up (500). With this lack of sleep‚ eventually functioning becomes nearly impossible. The article from Dement and Vaughan successfully outlines many of the dangers of sleep debt. However‚ much of the evidence is said to “believed‚” leading to the conclusion that much of the study’s results are consistent‚ but ultimately could be
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Loggerheads also modify habitats as a result of their foraging activities. The fragments of hard-shelled organisms that loggerheads consume are either discarded or ingested and later deposited with feces at a different location. By reducing the particle size of the shells‚ loggerhead turtles contribute to nutrient recycling in benthic ecosystems by increasing the rate of shell disintegration. Additionally‚ a foraging behavior called infaunal mining has a significant effect on substrate characteristics
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average waitress trying to survive a minimum wage job. In this work‚ the speaker reveals how workers are not allowed breaks and “for six to eight hours in a row‚ you never sit except to pee” (pg. 3). She also talks about the physical pain she’s in from carrying trays saying “I start tossing back drugstore-brand ibuprofens as if they were vitamin C” (p.4). Even with all this painstaking work‚ the speaker can only afford to live in a dingy trailer park because she is working off of minimum wage. As
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This paper is an analysis conducted on Nucleic Acids through a variety of tests specifically‚ Dische‚ Murexide‚ Wheeler-Johnson and Phosphate Tests in order to exemplify structural features of nucleic acids as well as identify the principle involved in each chemical test. Different procedures and different test compounds were applied‚ and results were noted as for changes in colors of precipitates or solutions. For Dische Test‚ light blue was obtained for RNA and dark violet for DNA. For Murexide
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which Wal-Mart demands of all artists. Wal-Mart also refuses to stock CDs with parental advisory stickers on them‚ although it should be the consumer’s choice on whether they choose a CD with a parental advisory sticker on it. This prevents music fans from buying certain albums that they want and have been so hyped up for. This outrage in the way Wal-Mart deals with music censorship is wrong and contributes to the reason why Wal-Mart is bad. Wal-Mart is a massive retail company that has large chains
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groaning; typical right? Students had never been allowed to use their cell phones in class‚ let alone in the school. So why were they so disappointed? Teachers make that rule because cell phones distract students’ learning processes and takes away from good learning. While Richtel stated that schools shouldn’t rush into using technology so soon‚ but should have educators focus more on teaching students the old fashioned way‚ including pen and paper; Sweeney wrote about how it is beneficial to students
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ACID/BASE You might need to know the following K values: CH3COOH Ka = 1.8 x 10–5 Benzoic Acid Ka = 6.5 x 10–5 HNO2 Ka = 4.5 x 10–4 NH3 Kb = 1.8 x 10–5 HF Ka = 7.2 x 10–4 H2S Ka = 5.7 x 10–8 HSO4– Ka = 1.2 x 10–2 HS– Ka = 1.2 x 10–13 HCOOH Ka = 1.8 x 10–4 HOCl Ka = 3.0 x 10–8 SIMPLE ACIDS AND BASES 1. According to the Brønsted–Lowry definition‚ which species can function both as an acid and as a base? (A) Cl– (B) SO42– (C) NH4+ (D) HCO3– (E) H3O+ 2. Which of the following
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Extraction of R’-NH2 For both of the organic acid and organic base extraction‚ the addition of the respective inorganic acid or inorganic base (HCl or NaOH) to the three-component mixture caused an immiscible appearance of the solution in the separatory funnel. By briskly shaking the separatory funnel with the mixed components created a build up of pressure which was released through the stopcock forming small disappearing bubbles within the tip of the separatory funnel. Once the funnel was placed
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In the most simple form‚ FM digital synthesis consists of two sine waves. One is called the modulating wave and the other is called the carrier wave. The carrier wave is the only waveform that is audible. The modulating wave does just as it sounds‚ it modulates the amplitude of the carrier wave‚ and acts as a control value. The frequency of the modulating frequency controls the rate of change in the carrier wave; it controls how fast the modulation occurs in the carrier wave. And the amplitude of
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