Synthesis of Isopentyl Acetate Abstract The purpose of this experiment was to produce isopentyl acetate‚ banana oil. Acetic acid and isoamyl alcohol were used to synthesize isopentyl acetate. The techniques used for the separation and purification of isopentyl acetate were reflux‚ liquid-liquid extraction‚ neutralization and distillation. The identification of isopentyl acetate was based on boiling points and an infrared spectrum. This experiment resulted in a 11.68% yield. The reactants
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CHAPTER 1 Introduction Background of the Study Like many other hygiene convenience‚ shoe polish or can also be called boot polish is usually a wax ‚ cream or paste used by people to shine‚ water proof and restore the appearance of leather shoes. This extends the footwear’s life. This is made up of many kinds of chemicals and because of this; it can cause irritations‚ allergies to us. In our generation‚ shoe polish is used every day and companies produce a lot of it to meet the demands of
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one of two very similar pentose rings. Ribonucleic acids contain the sugar ribose. Deoxyribonucleic acids contain the sugar deoxyribose. The only difference between these two sugars is that deoxyribose contains one oxygen atom less than ribose. Pentose sugars are essential because they are involved in linking different nucleotides together by condensation reactions. The Nitrogen-Containing Bases There are two types of bases found in nucleic acids. The purine bases have two nitrogen containing rings
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ICSE Class X Chapter 5 Hydrogen Chloride and Hydrochloric Acid Hydrogen chloride (HCl) : Formula : HCl Nature : Covalent. Molecular Mass : 36·5u [i.e. HCl = 1 + 35·5 = 36·5] Occurrence : (i) Present in gastric juices. (ii) Present in volcanic gases. Laboratory preparation of HCl gas : Hydrogen chloride gas is prepared in laboratory by heating conc. H2SO4 with NaCl. NaCl + H2SO4 Heat → NaCl + NaHSO4 Heat → NaHSO4 + HCl Sodium hydrogen sulphate Na2SO4 + HCl
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fermented from sugar. The fermentation of ethanol results in the production of acetic acid (CH3COOH). The typical pH of vinegar ranges anywhere from 2 to 3.5‚ although shop-bought vinegar usually measures 2.4 www.wisegeek.com/what-is-vinegar.htm fig 1 In this study we will determine the amount of acid in a vinegar sample by using titration‚ a common technique in chemistry a typical shop brought vinegar has an acid percentage of 5% see fig 1. A titration is a technique where a solution of known
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EXPERIMENT #1: THE PURITY AND PURIFICATION OF SOLIDS MELTING POINTS ABSTRACT Melting points of different mixtures of naphthalene and biphenyl were examined in this lab. Samples of these various mixtures were collected and tested by different individuals in the lab in order to find the eutectic point of biphenyl. Unknown substances were then tested using the mixture melting point method in order to determine their identities. INTRODUCTION The melting point of a solid is the temperature
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receptor protein and a number of other proteins needed for lipid synthesis.(3) The second promoter of cholesterol synthesis is the hormone insulin. Insulin promotes dephosphorylation (activation of HMG-CoA reductase) which promotes cholesterol synthesis in which insulin binds to its receptor protein in the liver cell membrane and stimulate irs-1 formation.irs-1 activates HMG-CoA reductase enzyme increasing rate of cholesterol synthesis.(4) FACTORS
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Extracting NaCl from Rock Salt and assessing its purity Aim The aim of this experiment was to obtain a pure product from a solution through the processes o extraction‚ filtering and evaporation. Introduction Extraction is used when trying to separate or purify a product. For an extraction to be successful the substance used to make the solvent should readily dissolve. The substance used in this practical was rock salt. The liquid used should not react with the substance that needs extracting
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In modern day‚ man does not truly think about how much the earth means to life. On the contrary‚ humans aspire to cease Mother Nature’s beauty with the replacement of modern day cities made up of synthetic nature. Since the dawn of the twentieth century‚ a major theme in the American Arts has been the protest against man’s destruction of the natural world. With this in mind‚ as very well argued in Chief Seattle’s article “Respect”‚ humans fail to be conscious of the physical and sentimental value
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P5. Homeostasis is the process by which a constant internal environment is maintained by our body. For instance‚ this means that in our body‚ temperature‚ blood sugar levels‚ etc must be kept within a narrow range even when we are in a freezing climate‚ or while doing vigorous exercise etc. All homeostatic control mechanisms have at least three interdependent components which are: The receptor responds to changes in the environment‚ for example‚ detects temperature change. Then‚ after the receptor
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