of the gel electrophoresis‚ both Madi and me are homozygous positive (+/+) for the Alu gene. This can be determined by looking at the ladder and comparing our sample to it‚ to find out if we are homozygous or heterozygous. Discussion For this lab‚ DNA from our cheek cells were separated through PCR‚ and singled out through gel electrophoresis. The process of the PCR is complex and contains different components and reactions. The first main step of PCR is denaturing. The temperature at which
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Unit 4 Assessment 2-Benzoic Acid Synthesis Synthesis and Investigation of Benzoic Acid Our aims: Create benzoic acid using benzaldehyde and hydrogen peroxide. Then remove some impurities from the benzoic acid crystals. Apparatus: Titration Pipette (25 cm3) Burette (50 cm3) Retort stand Clamp Conical flask (250 cm3) Volumetric flask (250 cm3) and stopper White tile Beakers (250 cm3) Dropping pipette Filter funnel Deionised water Phenolphthalein indicator Volumetric flask
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Objective: The objective of this lab is to determine and analyze the many chemical qualities of copper ‚ by using many solutions that enable copper to undergo chemical changes that will take copper from a metal back to its original state. This is done using cooper‚ Concentrated HNO3‚ 6 M NaOH ‚ Bunsen burner‚ 6 M H2SO4‚ Mg ribbon‚ and two test tubes. The techniques used in this lab which is cleaning glassware‚ disposing of chemicals ‚ measuring mass ‚ centrifugation ‚ venting gases‚ and test tube
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In this experiment‚ we used simple distillation and extraction to do synthesis of 1-bromobutane. The experiment was carried out by mixing 13.3 g of sodium bromide‚ 15 mL of water and 10 mL of n-butyl alcohol in a 100 mL round bottom flask. We cooled the mixture and added 11.5 mL of concentrated sulfuric acid. Then the mixture was heated at reflux with a short condenser for 45 minutes and then we drained out the condenser. We removed the condenser and distillation head was set up to set up the condenser
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Pat 1 Synthesis of 4-aryl-6-indolylpyridine-2-carbonitriles and evaluation of their biological activity Synthesis of 6-indolyl-4-aryl-3-cyanopyridine-2-one (1a-e) Employing the MCRs approach and microwave irradiation‚ an equimolar amounts of aromatic aldehyde‚ 3-acetylindole‚ ethyl cyanoacetate were reacted with excess of ammonium acetate in one-pot‚ reaction‚ under the microwave irradiation‚ afforded a novel series of 4-aryl-6-indolyl-nicotinonitrile-2-one derivatives 1a-e. Ethylene glycol was
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solution with a known concentration of 4.047x10-3 M was obtained. A 250-mL sample of a 10-fold dilution of this ionic iron solution and 5 drops of concentrated HNO3 was made. This solution served as the source of ionic Iron for the remainder of the lab and was labeled “stock ionic Iron solution.” Next‚ a 50-mL aqueous ionic Iron and FerroZine® complex solution was prepared by adding 5.00mL stock ionic Iron‚ 3-mL of acetic acid buffer‚ 2-mL of 5% hydroxylamine hydrochloride‚ allowing five minutes for
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The experiment consists of 5 steps—Inoculation‚ fermentation‚ cell lysis‚ inclusion body solubilization‚ and peptide purification. In the first two steps‚ E coli with Snake 6 peptides is cultivated. Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV-vis) is used to quantify bacteria through detection of their optical density (O.D.). After reaching a certain concentration in the fermentation batch‚ inclusion bodies (IBs) are extracted from these E coli by adding Bugbuster lysis solution and lysozyme. Polyacrylamide
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Synthesis of Isopentyl Acetate (Banana Oil) Using A Fischer Esterification Reaction Purpose: The purpose of this experiment is to synthesize Isopentyl Acetate using a Fischer esterification reaction. Fischer esterification is an acid-catalyzed condensation of an alcohol and a carboxylic acid‚ yielding an ester and water. Isopentyl Acetate has the scent of banana oil‚ once synthesized it will be purified by distillation. Then the analysis of the sample using H NMR and IR will determine purity
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buffer at pH 7.0‚ the CA-2Pb2+ formation resulted in a distinct color change from red to blue‚ accompanied by a remarkable bathochromic shift from 527 nm with a shoulder at 558 nm to 605 nm in the absorption spectrum [28]. Since there have been some reports on the complex formation between Cys and Pb2+ in an aqueous solution [30‚ 31]‚ the sensing selectivity of CA-2Pb2+ toward Cys was investigated by absorption spectroscopy. The color changes and absorption spectral study of CA-2Pb2+ (50 μM) were performed
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infrared spectrum for the pure aspirin from the synthesis was taken by using crushed crystals‚ Figure 1. This spectrum was shown with different absorption bands corresponded with the functional groups of aspirin which was observed at frequencies > 1500 cm-1. These infrared frequencies were shown in Table 2. An infrared spectrum of an authentic aspirin was used to distinguish how authentic the infrared spectrum from the synthesis was shown in Figure 2 In this lab‚ aspirin was synthesized from salicylic
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