The liver is a vital organ within the human body. The normal pathophysiology of the liver is to perform critical functions which rid the body of harmful toxins and substances. The liver rids the body of its harmful toxins by the way it secretes chemicals and produces bile. Bile is a substance that helps the breakdown of lipids and salts so that they are easily absorbed into the intestine to be secreted out of the body. Vasodilators are medications which cause the blood vessels within the human body
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chambers in total: left atrium‚ left ventricle‚ right atrium‚ and right ventricle. The left-hand side of the heart pumps blood from the lungs to the rest of your body. This is known as the systemic circulation. The right-hand side pumps blood from the heart to the lungs and this is known as the pulmonary circulation. Blood is the fluid that constantly flows throughout our bodies. The blood carries nutrients‚ water‚ oxygen‚ and waste products to and from the body cells. There are two types of blood
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absorb at its venous end. D.Discontinuous endothelium is more likely to be found in liver capillaries than in brain capillaries. E.Large proteins that enter the interstitial fluid are returned to the circulation via the lymphatic system. 4. The right side of the heart pumps blood through the circulation and the left side pumps
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would cause ailments and illness. However the balance of the humours can be restored by bloodletting because the elements were thought to be present in the blood. [8] Today leeches are also used as bloodletting in surgery for restoration of blood circulation and healing of skin grafts.
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cells‚ and the fuel-replenishing electrolytes to the body’s various tissues. There are two systems for circulating blood. During pulmonary circulation‚ the deoxygenated blood that has been returned to the heart is pumped into the lungs‚ where it receives more oxygen‚ and then pumped back into the heart to be distributed throughout the body. Systemic circulation is the process by which the arteries take this blood away from the heart and deliver it to the body‚ only for the blood to be returned by
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“Dissections of Squalus acanthias and Rattus norvegicus” Ricardo Marin Biol 1107.103 (Tuesday 4-7) 12/05/2010 Miriam Hernandez Nayeli Perea I. Introduction The purpose of this lab is to be able to trace the flow of blood through both the mammalian and the shark heart. Learn all the major structures of the body systems of the shark and functions of certain structures as well as for the rat. Understand the terms of retroperitoneal‚ ovoviviparous‚ oviparous‚ and viviparous. Know which
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the lungs External respiration – gas exchange between the lungs and the blood Major Functions of the Respiratory System Transport – transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and tissues Internal respiration – gas exchange between systemic blood vessels and tissues Function of the Nose The only externally visible part of the respiratory system that functions by: Providing an airway for respiration Moistening and warming the entering air Filtering inspired air and cleaning it of
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Thirst is a sensation aroused by a need for water‚ and relief from it sought by drinking water. The natural stimuli for thirst can be divided into two types: hypovolemic and osmotic (Fitzsimons‚ 1972). The hypovolemic stimulus occurs when there is volume loss such as from slow dehydration over a period of time‚ massive vasodilation or rapid haemorrhage. The second natural stimuli is an increase in plasma osmotic pressure. Loss of cell water is detected by osmoreceptors‚ located mainly in the hypothalamus
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Cardiovascular Anatomy & Physiology I. Structures and Functions Heart Muscle * Has 3 layers (epicardium‚ myocardium‚ and endocardium) and a surrounding sac called the pericardium * Location: In the mediastinum‚ above the diaphragm‚ and is surrounded on both sides by lung * Shape: Resembling triangle‚ with base parallel to the right edge of the sternum Heart Chambers * The right side of the heart is a low pressure system and the left side is a high pressure system
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great vessels: the superior and inferior vena cava‚ the pulmonary artery and vein‚ as well as the aorta. The aortic arch lies behind the heart. The esophagus and the spine lie further behind the heart. II. FUNCTIONS OF THE HEART The role of circulation is to: 1. Continuously deliver oxygen‚ nutrients‚ hormones‚ and antibodies to organs‚ tissues and cells throughout the body in response to varying tissue demands. 2. Remove end products of metabolism from tissue and cells. The role of the
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