1) How does the public key cryptography work? Explain in detail? 1. Public-key‚ what it is Public-key refers to a cryptographic mechanism. It has been named public-key to differentiate it from the traditional and more intuitive cryptographic mechanism known as: symmetric-key‚ shared secret‚ secret-key and also called private-key. Symmetric-key cryptography is a mechanism by which the same key is used for both encrypting and decrypting; it is more intuitive because of its similarity with
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Challenges to the Reforming of Public Administration in Russia It can be argued that effective public administration is perhaps the most important post-communist structural reform priority in Russia. Without effective reform in this arena‚ other types of reform are not viable or would be ineffective in its implementation. While reform in the public sector has been made in many areas the progress has been slowed significantly by various cultural‚ ideological and other barriers. Volumes can be
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INTRODUCTION Public Interest Litigation: The term "Public Interest" means the larger interests of the public‚ general welfare and interest of the masses ((Oxford English Dictionary 2nd Edn.) Vol.Xll) and the Word “Litigation” means "a legal action including all proceedings therein‚ initiated in a court of Law with the purpose of enforcing a right or seeking a remedy." Thus‚ the expression `Public Interest Litigation’ means "any litigation conducted for the benefit of public or for removal of some
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Public punishment is an act or instance of punishing. A deterrent is something that discourages or is in intended to discourage someone from an act. In today’s society public punishment is often debated‚ where as in the 1800s‚ punishing someone publically was accepted. From community service to standing at intersections with hand written signs‚ public punishment can act as a deterrent or not affect that person at all. Public punishment is often frowned upon‚ but is effective in some‚ not all cases
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Canadian healthcare and public health services are provided to all citizens and to most non-citizens of a country with an increasingly multicultural and multi-linguistic population with health disparities. In this article the readers are provided with the Global Public Health Intelligence Network to capture the early identification of public health threats. The two corresponding organizations are the‚ “Institute for Health Information” and the “Institute and Canada Health info way”. In the United
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They say that for expertise or success in public speaking you must possess these three elements 1.) Content Message packed with practical‚ easy to remember and useful information‚ 2.) Confidence - Knowing that what you share will be valuable and useful‚ and that you are the one to share it‚ and 3.) Connection - You must be able to draw the audience into the message. That’s what brings the laughter‚ the tears‚ and the standing ovations. Having said all this where‚ when‚ why‚ and how do these elements
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economics‚ and political science in attempt to answers some of these questions. However‚ no other field of study will provide more insight into the development of these new government structures than comparative public administration (CPA). Simply put‚ it is the study of comparing two or more public administrations by using multiple disciplines. This definition‚ however‚ does not sufficiently describe the complexity of this field or its contributions to other academic areas‚ government employees‚ and
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their own policies and performance. These are the key questions our roundtable participants suggested that any state should ask as it seeks to improve the performance of its higher education institutions in advancing public priorities. 1. To what extent has a state defined the public purposes it expects higher education institutions to help accomplish? Are the purposes a state seeks to achieve through its colleges and universities clearly articulated? Do institutional leaders and policymakers share
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Public transport is a fantastic idea. It’s cheap‚ it’s accessible‚ it’s safe‚ it’s quick and it’s better for the environment. If this is the case‚ then why is it that it’s still vastly underutilised by the general public? Well‚ the description above is wrong. All of these positive statements have actually turned public transport into a nightmare. Whilst on public transport‚ all I feel is misery and anguish at the prospect of the journey continuing and wondering why I left my car at home. The worst
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The Public and Private Life In William’’ Shakespeare’s "Julius Caesar‚" there is a conflict in the characters public and private lives. The major characters‚ Julius Caesar‚ Brutus‚ Cassius and Antony‚ all experienced these conflicts. All actions these characters perform represent conflicts between the benefit of Rome and their own sense of honor‚ emotions and love for each other. Caesar is trying to form a new political system in Rome called dictatorship. Even though he has the ambition to become
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