of taxation in the transformation of the Japanese Economy Introduction Before the Meiji restoration under the feudal Tokugawa Shogunate‚ taxation was mainly a tool for warfare and military power. The system was highly regressive and pressed lightly on the rich and profit-earners. It was calculated to preserve a very unequal distribution on incomes and to stimulate the accumulation of private capital. This tendency somehow continued and was magnified before W.W.II when direct taxation was
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8/3/2011 The Economics of Taxation Lecture 11: Taxation and Business Valuation: FTE approach International Accounting International Accounting and Taxation Master of Science (MSc) University of Liechtenstein‚ Vaduz Dr. Tanja Kirn D T j Ki Chair for Tax Management and the Laws of International and Liechtenstein Taxation Institute for Financial Services University of Liechtenstein‚ Vaduz The Economics of Taxation Taxation and Business Valuation: FTE approach Exercise Suppose Lucent Technologies has an equity cost of capital of 10%
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Introduction Double taxation arises when an individual or business acquiring income in a foreign country is required to pay taxes on that income in both the foreign country as well as the country of origin. For example‚ an American company operating in a developing country‚ in the absence of a tax treaty between the two countries may have to pay a withholding tax to the government of the developing country‚ as well as corporation tax to the United States government (Howard‚ 2001‚ p. 259). The
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of around 20 %‚ and developed countries having around 35- 40 %). The low value of tax generation prevents economic growth and development by affecting the real GDP‚ external and internal debt and even other forms of revenue generation. The real question still remains what causes the tax generation volume to have such a low value‚ and what could be‚ or is being done to solve this problem. Reasons for the low tax to GDP ratio One of the reasons of low tax revenue is the low tax base. Observing
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Gendered Bodies: Sports In a sex/gender binary system‚ expectations of difference are played out in terms of gendered bodies. In a male dominated society‚ women’s bodies become ‘contested terrain’. It is important to utilize a macro level‚ social construction approach and conduct a GBA to consider the social‚ gendered construction of sports (as well as health & sexualities). 1. Is sport gendered? Is sport associated more with men/masculinity? a. Importance of historical‚ cultural
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Trust Trusting people is hard to do. Especially trusting strangers and people with danger written across their face. Most characters in the movie have a hard time trusting Jack Sparrow. He wasn’t trusted mainly because he was a pirate. Pirates are never to be trusted. They are involved in illegal activities like‚ robbery and violence. They had to be good liars to not get caught doing this. William Turner had an even harder time trusting him. He was never sure on who’s side Jack was on. Was he
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Progressive Taxation Saj October 23‚ 2012 The Common Sense Party supports a light progressive taxation tax plan which gives low income and middle class earners a chance to save more money to spend on their bills and necessities. We believe that higher income individual earners have more money to spend on bills and necessities with a larger sum left over for savings than a low income earner or a middle class earner. However we do not believe in overtaxing high income earners to the point
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Tutorial 8 (topic 7) Preparing A Proper Ethical And Legal Foundation Q1. In general‚ do entrepreneurs tend to overestimate or underestimate their knowledge of the laws that pertain to starting a new firm? What does answer to this question suggest that entrepreneurs do before they start a firm? In general‚ entrepreneurs tend to overestimate their knowledge of the laws that pertain to starting a new firm. Before entrepreneurs start a firm‚ they should seek for lawyer to get some legal advice‚ get
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an offer. According to section 13‚ "Tow or more persons are said to consent when they agree upon the same thing in the same thing in same sense." Thus‚ consent involves identity of minds in respect of the subject matter of the contract. In English Law‚ this is called ’consensus-ad-idem’. Contract act sec 14‚ is the which has been obtained by the free will of the parties. No pressure in the form of coercion fraud undue influence‚ mistake and misrepresentation in
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To tax (from the Latin taxo; "I estimate") is to impose a financial charge or other levy upon a taxpayer (an individual or legal entity) by a state or the functional equivalent of a state such that failure to pay is punishable by law. Taxes are also imposed by many administrative divisions. Taxes consist of direct tax or indirect tax‚ and may be paid in money or as its labour equivalent (often but not always unpaid labour). A tax may be defined as a "pecuniary burden laid upon individuals or property
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