Tax & Taxation The term ’tax’ has been derived from the French word taxe and etymologically‚ the Latin word taxare is related to the term ’tax’‚ which means ’to charge’. Tax is an obligatory payment in the part of the citizen without the expectation of any direct benefit. Taxation is the obligation of non-penal‚ yet compulsory transfer of resources from the private to the public sector levied on a basis of predetermined criteria and without reference to specific benefit received. It is one of the
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Specifying the need to broaden tax base Literature review Rationale behind broadening the tax base should be in line with taxation principles. To look at the effectiveness of the windfall profits tax‚ we should first look at the taxation principles. The principles of taxation have long been mentioned in hopes of creating an excellent system of taxation. Firstly‚ fairness is an important principle. Adam Smith (1776) who was a pioneer of political economy claims that the subjects
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Mokhtar Faculty of Management and Economics Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Abstract The focus of this paper is to demonstrate the technical comparison between business zakat and taxation. This paper aims to enhance the knowledge on the part of zakat assessment and the management of zakat as compared to the system of taxation in Malaysia. This is to minimise the misunderstandings that exist in paying zakat as an obligation and to enhance the responsibilities of a good citizen in paying taxes. Introduction
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Introduction Taxes are the major source of mobilizing internal resources of an economy. Bangladesh revenue structure has been burdened by taxes from indirect sources for long time and usually characterized by heavy import and excise duties. To cope with the challenge due to globalization‚ government of many such countries has to cut down such duties and levies. It seems that government might have to collect more money either through VAT (Value Added Tax) or from direct taxes. In Bangladesh VAT introduced
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Library Briefing Library of the European Parliament 23/09/2013 Corporate tax avoidance by multinational firms In this briefing: The scale of Member States’ (MS) losses through the increasingly aggressive use of tax-avoidance schemes by multinational companies (MNCs) is difficult to estimate‚ but is considered serious. Press reports have highlighted the low tax paid by well-known‚ very successful companies. The tax reduction methods used by MNCs have been well known for decades. They include transfer
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Century‚ Matthew N Murray and William F. Fox‚ ed.‚ Praeger Publishers‚ Westport‚ Connecticut and London 1997‚ pp. 52-64. Buehler‚ Alfred G. Public Finance. McGraw-Hill Book Company‚ Inc. New York and London‚ 1940. John E Due and John L. Mikesell. Sales Taxation: State and Local Structure and Administration. The Urban Institute Press‚ Washington‚ D.C. 1995. Ebrill‚ Liam‚ Michael Keen‚ Jean-Paul Bodin‚ and Victoria Summers. The Modern VAT. International Monetary Fund‚ Washington‚ D.C. 2001. Fisher‚ Ronald
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Client Clarification Memo Sammy Shelton ACC/541 – Accounting Theory and Research July 23‚ 2011 Memo To: Client From: Team B Date: August 6‚ 2012 Re: The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) defines a contingency as a possible future event that will have some impact on the firm. The decision to report contingencies should be based on the principle of disclosure. Namely‚ when the disclosure of an event adds to the information content of financial statements‚ it should be reported
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ccountability ‚ DAC Guidelines and Reference Series A DAC Reference Document Governance‚ Taxation and Accountability ISSUES AND PRACTICES ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT The OECD is a unique forum where the governments of 30 democracies work together to address the economic‚ social and environmental challenges of globalisation. The OECD is also at the forefront of efforts to understand and to help governments
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archive file of ACC 497 Week 4 Learning Team Assignments from the Readings shows the solutions to the following problems: I: 15-62 Case Study Problem Determine whether you can accept at face value Mal Business - Accounting Prentice Hall’s Federal Taxation ‚ Chapter 15: I:15-61 Tax Strategy Problem I:15-62 Case Study Problem In both problems‚ conduct tax research and formulate tax-planning advice in your responses. When you are planning your schedule‚ do your best to refrain from
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TRANSFER AND BUSINESS TAXATION Ballada & Ballada Presented by ATTY DON ADA DUPIO 1. INTRODUCTION MODES OF ACQUIRING OWNERSHIP 1. Occupation – the property seized is without a known owner. 2. Intellectual Creation – the composer owns his musical creation while the author owns his literary‚ legal‚ historical‚ scientific or other works. 3. Donation – an act of liberality whereby a person disposes gratuitously of a thing or right in favor of another‚ who accepts it. 4. Succession – the property
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