There have been major changes in tax systems of countries with a wide variety of economic systems and levels of development during the last two decades. The motivation for these reforms has varied from one country to another and the thrust of reforms has differed from time to time depending on the development strategy and philosophy of the times. In many developing countries‚ the immediate reason for tax reforms has been the need to enhance revenues to meet impending fiscal crises. One of the most
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Air pollution concentrations have been rapidly increasing in the major urban areas of Brazil caused mainly by the increasing use of vehicles. Policies to control car emissions in Brazil have relied basically on mandatory emission standards and subsidies for specific cleaner technology resulting in substantial decrease of car emission rates. Nevertheless‚ taxes on car sales‚ differentiated by vehicles’ size and fuel‚ have also influenced car emission patterns. This paper analyses the compliance
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2. Why is there little tax evasion in Singapore or any other country of your choice? Is it because Singaporeans fear state punishment or because they are satisfied with the performance of the state? Or is there any other explanation? Which explanation(s) do you find most persuasive? Why? Tax evasion‚ the illegal negligence in taxpaying and misrepresentation of tax returns to reduce one’s tax liabilities‚ is at a low level in Singapore. With Singapore’s strong tax enforcement‚ Singaporeans fear
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investment decisions with multinational enterprise. Paper describes financial options available to the foreign subsidiary of the multiple enterprises and shows how money management in international business can be used to minimize cash balances‚ and taxation and introduce us to basic methods of money management. This project is focusing on financial management in the international business‚ discussing three sets financial decisions such as: • Investing decisions‚ decisions about what activities
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“The poor are always with you” (Matthew 26:11) Discuss the meaning of poverty in the UK today and critically assess the means by which government would tackle the problem. There are two identifiable types of poverty; there is Absolute Poverty whereby human existence itself is challenged‚ like the famine of Somalia and other central African states. But there is also Relative Poverty in which people cannot sustain a minimum lifestyle in relation to what is a generally accepted standard in a society
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Chapter 7 The Role of Government in an Economy Part 1 Government Objectives & Policies Government Objectives Most national governments have four main economic objectives for their national economies. These are: • To achieve a low and stable rate of inflation in the general level of prices • To achieve a high and stable level of employment‚ and therefore a low level of unemployment • To encourage economic growth in the national output and income • To encourage trade
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I. INTRODUCTION To raise revenue for tight government budgets‚ legislators sometimes attempt to raise revenue by imposing unusually high excise taxes on cigarettes‚ liquor‚ gambling‚ and so on. This type of charge‚ often called a "sin tax‚" appeals to voters who view it as a way of discouraging consumption of certain objectionable products. It reduces the income of the buyer.Lowers profits for the seller‚ and leads to reduced investment‚ wages‚ and jobs.It is not likely to seriously
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“It’s time to fundamentally change the way that we do business in Washington. To help build a new foundation for the 21st century‚ we need to reform our government so that it is more efficient‚ more transparent‚ and more creative. That will demand new thinking and a new sense of responsibility for every dollar that is spent.” That was one of the strong quotes Barack Obama inspired us with.Obama is a better candidate because his policies would steer America in the right direction and take us away
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of areas. At the same time questions must be posed of the sweeping reduction in rates and restructuring of slabs in income tax‚ which are likely to rob the exchequer of a significant amount of income. Questions must also be asked of the proposed taxation of not-for-profit organisations. M Govinda Rao (mgr@nipfp.org.in) and R Kavita Rao (kavita@nipfp.oirg.in) are with the National Institute of Public Finance and Policy. Economic & Political Weekly EPW n the 2009-10 budget speech‚ Union Finance
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1. In about 100 words‚ explain why online businesses might have difficulty limiting the effects of their actions to a relatively small geographic area. * The legal concept of jurisdiction on the Internet is still unclear and ill defined. The relationship between geographic and legal boundaries is based on four elements: power‚ effects‚ legitimacy and notice. These elements have helped governments create the legal concept of jurisdiction in the physical world. Because the four elements exist
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