Chapter 7 The Role of Government in an Economy Part 1 Government Objectives & Policies Government Objectives Most national governments have four main economic objectives for their national economies. These are: • To achieve a low and stable rate of inflation in the general level of prices • To achieve a high and stable level of employment‚ and therefore a low level of unemployment • To encourage economic growth in the national output and income • To encourage trade
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I. INTRODUCTION To raise revenue for tight government budgets‚ legislators sometimes attempt to raise revenue by imposing unusually high excise taxes on cigarettes‚ liquor‚ gambling‚ and so on. This type of charge‚ often called a "sin tax‚" appeals to voters who view it as a way of discouraging consumption of certain objectionable products. It reduces the income of the buyer.Lowers profits for the seller‚ and leads to reduced investment‚ wages‚ and jobs.It is not likely to seriously
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“It’s time to fundamentally change the way that we do business in Washington. To help build a new foundation for the 21st century‚ we need to reform our government so that it is more efficient‚ more transparent‚ and more creative. That will demand new thinking and a new sense of responsibility for every dollar that is spent.” That was one of the strong quotes Barack Obama inspired us with.Obama is a better candidate because his policies would steer America in the right direction and take us away
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of areas. At the same time questions must be posed of the sweeping reduction in rates and restructuring of slabs in income tax‚ which are likely to rob the exchequer of a significant amount of income. Questions must also be asked of the proposed taxation of not-for-profit organisations. M Govinda Rao (mgr@nipfp.org.in) and R Kavita Rao (kavita@nipfp.oirg.in) are with the National Institute of Public Finance and Policy. Economic & Political Weekly EPW n the 2009-10 budget speech‚ Union Finance
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1. In about 100 words‚ explain why online businesses might have difficulty limiting the effects of their actions to a relatively small geographic area. * The legal concept of jurisdiction on the Internet is still unclear and ill defined. The relationship between geographic and legal boundaries is based on four elements: power‚ effects‚ legitimacy and notice. These elements have helped governments create the legal concept of jurisdiction in the physical world. Because the four elements exist
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TAX INCENTIVES Alex Easson and Eric M. Zolt* OVERVIEW........................................................................................................................1 I. THE CASE FOR AND AGAINST TAX INCENTIVES..........................................6 A. Convention Wisdom ............................................................................................6 B. Advantages of Tax Incentives..............................................................................9 C. Disadvantages
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Monday‚ November 21‚ 2011 Tax Structure & Policy Suggestions: Bangladesh Case 1 Introduction The main tax grossing or revenue collecting institution is generally known as National Board of Revenue (NBR). And as the central authority of tax policy and administration in Bangladesh‚ it plays a critical part in the development of the country. During the current fiscal year (FY 2010-11)‚ NBR is expected to collect Taka 75‚600 crore‚ providing much needed support to the government’s development
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as those are the ones who pay the most taxes. Specially‚ we truly care about how tax rates can lead to the changes in labor supply and aggregate demand (AD). What does economic theory suggest about the relationship between labor supply‚ AD and taxation? Our limitation is only in our country- Vietnam. The Law on Personal Income Tax‚ approved by Vietnam National Assembly XII on 21 November 2007‚ officially coming into effect on 1st‚ January 2009‚ marked the great effort of the Government
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Analysis TAX Table of Contents ? Income Business ? Alternate Tax Minimum ? Distribution Tax Dividend ?Profit Tax Branch ? International Taxation ? Residence Rules ? Treaty Override ? Controlled Foreign Company ? Anti-Avoidance Rules General ? Tax Incentives & Special Economic Zones ?Gains Capital ? Pricing & Advanced Pricing Agreement Transfer ? Taxation Personal ? Capital Funds‚ Mutual Funds & Insurance Venture 02 04 05 06 07 10 11 12 14 16 18 21 24 29-31 Companies ?Tax Wealth ? Glossary
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resides in. Each type of business has its advantages and disadvantages. The advantages of a proprietorship are: * They are easy and inexpensive to form * They are subject to some government regulations * There is no corporate taxation The disadvantages of a proprietorship are: * It can be very difficult to obtain the needed capital to start-up & to grow the business * Life of the business is based on the founder. If the founders were to die or get sick‚ chances are
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