relatively small. It can be used literally (an observed series of actual collisions) or metaphorically (causal linkages within systems such as global finance or politics). Theory X In the theory X‚ management assumes employees are inherently lazy and will avoid work if they can. As a result‚ management believes that workers need to be closely supervised and comprehensive systems of controls to develop. A hierarchical structure is needed with narrow span of control at each and every level. According
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safety Needs 3. Social Needs 4. Esteem or ego needs 5. Self – actualization needs. 2. Define Management By Objectives. According to John Humble - Management By Objectives or “MBO is a dynamic system which integrates the company’s need to achieve its goals for profit and growth‚ with the manager’s need to contribute and develop himself.” In other words‚ MBO is a dynamic system of management; it recognizes the need of the manager to achieve and to grow on the job and it integrates the individual
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Frederick Taylor Scientific Management Through Taylor’s view of management systems‚ factories are managed through scientific methods instead of the use of the "rule of thumb" so widely used in the late nineteenth century‚ when Frederick Taylor devised his system of management and published the book "Scientific Management". The main elements of the Scientific Management as described by Taylor are; Time studies Functional or specialized supervision Standardization of tools and implements. Standardization
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1. Management is as a factor of production along with machines‚ materials‚ and money. Management in all business and organizational activities is the act of getting people together to accomplish desired goals and objectives using available resources efficiently and effectively. 2. Four main factors of management are: * Planning‚ Planning requires that managers be aware of environmental conditions facing their organization and forecast future conditions. It also requires that managers
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Read the following case and answer the questions given at the end of the case. LOSING A GOOD MAN Sundar Steel Limited was a medium-sized steel company manufacturing special steels of various types and grades. It employed 5‚000 workers and 450 executives. Under the General Manager operation‚ maintenance‚ and headed by a chief. The Chief of and under him Mukherjee Maintenance Engineer. The total was 500 workers‚ 25 executives‚ (Production)‚ there were services groups‚ each Maintenance was Shukla was
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Frederick W. Taylor. Taylor was the first modern efficiency expert in world history. Around the Twentieth Century‚ he formalized the principles of Scientific Management and developed a set of ideas designed to get employees in manufacturing industries to produce more output. Taylor contracted with companies to rearrange their production processes to simplify the tasks each employee performed. Instead of doing many different things‚ workers in Taylorized factories would execute the same simple tasks
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Chapter 9: Human Resources and Diversity Assignment NOTE: Fill in all answers in RED font Activity 1 Directions: Answer the following discussion questions Answers to Discussion Questions 1. Which selection criteria (personal interview‚ employment test‚ assessment center) do you think would be most valuable for predicting effective job performance for a manager in a record company? For one of your college professors? For a manager at a coffee shop such as Starbucks? Discuss. For a manager
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5 Management Principles/Concepts Management is the concept of getting work done through others. This concept began evolving in the 1880’s from being ideas and practices into a field of study. In Chuck Williams’ recent edition of “Management”‚ he establishes that there were several instrumental influences on the paradigm shift in the field of management. Those parties include but are not limited to‚ Fredrick Taylor‚ Frank and Lillian Gilbreth‚ Henry Gantt‚ and Henri Fayol. These parties developed
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S. Taylor Williams reads Mother Teresa’s personal writings to analyze her internal emotional state in the article‚ Illness Narrative‚ Depression‚ and Sainthood: An Analysis of the Writings of Mother Teresa. Williams searches through Mother Teresa’s writings looking for certain words‚ a difficulty of describing feelings‚ and a search for meaning‚ which could all indicate Mother Teresa suffered from the mental illness‚ depression. S.T. Williams uses her psychiatric knowledge to inquire whether Mother
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attitude of then Scientific School of Management (Taylor et al) with those of the Human Relations Movement (Mayo et al) with regard to people at work.’ ________________________________________________________________________ In order for us to compare and/or contrast two diverse schools of management‚ it is important for us to understand management in general‚ and the specific principles and theories comprising the two. Kreitner defines management as‚ “..the process of working with and
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