physician perform neurologic tests. These include superficial cutaneous reflexes‚ deep tendon reflexes‚ and vestibular reflexes (Crimlisk & Grande‚ 2004). Superficial cutaneous reflexes include the gag reflex‚ the plantar reflex‚ and the anal wink reflex (Crimlisk & Grande‚ 2004). The deep tendon reflexes include checking the reflexes of the “biceps‚ triceps‚ brachioradialis‚ patellar‚ and Achilles tendon” (Crimlisk & Grande‚ 2004‚ p. 7). And the vestibular reflexes include the
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Full thickness tissue loss. Subcutaneous fat may be visible but bone‚ tendon or muscle are not exposed. Slough may be present but does not obscure the depth of tissue loss1. Category/ Stage IV: Full thickness tissue loss with exposed bone‚ tendon or muscle. Slough or eschar may be present. Often includes undermining and tunnelling. Category/Stage IV ulcers can extend into muscle and/ or supporting structures (e.g.‚ fascia‚ tendon or joint capsule)1. 1. This extract has been taken from the Pressure
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• Cardiac hypertrophy- This is when the heart increases in size and volume‚ the wall of the left ventricle will get thicker with the help of constant exercise‚ this leads to an increased force of contraction. This will allow the heart to pump out a larger amount of blood with each pump‚ therefore a more efficient heart as it will not have to beat as many times as an untrained heart. • Increase in stroke volume and cardiac output- Stroke volume is defined as the amount of blood the heart is able to
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different incisions and not having to cut the tendon that would be taken from the patient. This advantage is perfect for the many people who can’t be under anesthesia for that long (Cluett). Since the operative time is faster due to not having to make two different incisions‚ the pain after the operation is a lot less painful than the autograft. Less post-operative pain is due to no incisions in the patellar tendon or the severing of the hamstring tendon to obtain the graft. The only pain you will
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available to each joint depends on and a range of factors‚ some of which are the conformation of the joint and how tightly ligaments and skeletal muscles are attached holding it together. Each bone has specific points to which muscles are joined by tendons. Muscles contract to pull bones in order to create an array of movements as diverse as running‚ grasping objects and breathing Roberts‚ A.R‚ 2010. Protection The skeleton provides protection to our bodily organs such as the brain‚ heart and lungs
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example of a reflex is the “knee-jerk” response the doctor tests during a physical examination. In a healthy person‚ this stretch reflex maintains posture and allows our muscles to hold up our body. Doctors can check this reflex by tapping on the tendon just below the kneecap. This tap causes contraction of the quadriceps muscle and extension of the leg. Stretching of the muscle activates nerve impulses which travel to the spinal cord. Here the incoming impulses activate motor neurons‚ which travel
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University of Santo Tomas España‚ Manila College of Rehabilitation Sciences Department of Physical Therapy Physical Therapy Seminar I Practice Case: ACL Reconstruction Submitted to: Donald G. Manlapaz‚ RPT‚ MSPT‚ PTRP Jocel M. Regino‚ CMT‚ MSPT‚ PTRP Joice Carrido‚ MSPT‚ PTRP Christopher G. Cruz‚ PTRP Submitted by: Group 6 4PT A Bernal‚ Lorenzo Raphael De Borja‚ Juan Miguel Dela Rosa‚ Mary Christianne Del Mundo‚ Ma. Ericka Flores‚ Jazzmine Gale Ramirez
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CARI BB E AN E XA MINA TIONS C OUN CIL REPORT ON CANDIDATES’ WORK IN THE SECONDARY EDUCATION CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION JANUARY 2012 HUMAN AND SOCIAL BIOLOGY GENERAL PROFICIENCY EXAMINATION Copyright © 2012 Caribbean Examinations Council St Michael‚ Barbados All rights reserved. 2 GENERAL COMMENTS The 2012 examination was the seventh January sitting of Human and Social Biology‚ offered at the General Proficiency level. The format of the examination was different from that
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not used? When muscle and bone tissues are not used they become weak and basically waste away‚ because when not in use less blood and less nutrients are supplied. Why could a tendon be used to replace a ligament? Tendons and ligaments are composed of the same tissue (dense regular connective tissue)‚ therefore tendons can be used to replace a torn or damaged ligament. Consider the overall structure of the knee joint. (You may wish to draw a picture or label a diagram.) What type of membrane
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THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM DocPoks Pangan M.D Natural Science • The bones‚ muscles and joints together form an integrated system called the Musculoskeletal System • Myology is the scientific study of muscles • Muscular system is an organ system consisting of skeletal‚ smooth and cardiac muscles • Orthopedics is the branch of medical science concerned with the prevention or correction of the disorders of the musculoskeletal system ANTERIOR VIEW POSTERIOR VIEW FUNCTIONS OF THE MUSCLES • • • • Movement
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