In this experiment‚ we used simple distillation and extraction to do synthesis of 1-bromobutane. The experiment was carried out by mixing 13.3 g of sodium bromide‚ 15 mL of water and 10 mL of n-butyl alcohol in a 100 mL round bottom flask. We cooled the mixture and added 11.5 mL of concentrated sulfuric acid. Then the mixture was heated at reflux with a short condenser for 45 minutes and then we drained out the condenser. We removed the condenser and distillation head was set up to set up the condenser
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discharges and also limit the amount present in drinking water. The partition – gravimetric method involves extraction of dissolved or emulsified oiland grease from water by using an extracting solvent. The common solvents used aren-hexane‚ methyl-tert-butyl ether (MTBE)‚ and trichlorotrifluoroethane. Any filterable solvent-soluble substances (e.g.‚ elemental sulfur‚ complex aromatic compounds‚ hydrocarbon derivatives of chlorine‚ sulfur‚ and nitrogen‚ and certain organic dyes) that are extracted and
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Do Gas Stations cause soil pollution? Soils are extremely important parts of every ecosystem. They are a home to many microbes and provide vital nutrients to the plants that live in them. pH is the measure of acidity or alkalinity of a solution‚ and most organisms have a very small range of pH values in which they can survive. 7 is considered neutral‚ lower than 7 is acidic (lemon juice‚ rain water) and above 7 is basic (bleach‚ soap). Lots of urban areas are dependent on car transportation‚
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purify them by recrystallization and identify them by their melting points. Procedure: Extraction of Carboxylic Acid A pre-weighed (0.315g) mixture of Carboxylic acid‚ a phenol‚ and neutral substance was placed into a reaction tube (tube 1). tert-Butyl methyl ether (2ml) was added to the tube and the solid mixture was dissolved. Next‚ 1 ml of saturated NaHCO3 solution was added to the tube and the contents were mixed separating the contents into three layers. Once this was completed the bottom
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SOLVENT EXTRACTION Solvent extraction‚ also known as liquid extraction and partitioning‚ is a method to separate compounds based on their relative solubility in two different immiscible liquid‚ usually water and organic solvent. It is an extraction from one liquid phase to another liquid phrase. Liquid extraction is a basic technique in chemical laboratories‚ where it is performed using a separator funnel. This type of process is commonly performed after a chemical reaction as part of the work-up
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Chapter 1 MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS Topic: Atomic Orbitals 1. A) B) C) D) E) In quantum mechanics a node (nodal surface or plane) is: a place where Ψ is negative. a place where Ψ is positive. a place where Ψ = 0. a place where Ψ2 is large. a place where Ψ2 is negative. Ans: C Topic: Atomic Orbitals‚ Molecular Orbitals 2. When the 1s orbitals of two hydrogen atoms combine to form a hydrogen molecule‚ how many molecular orbitals are formed? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 5 Ans:
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Substance Purpose The objective of the experiment is to identify the three substances in the mixture and to determine the percent recovery of each from the mixture. The unknown will consist of either benzoic acid or 2-chlorobenzoic acid‚ 4-t-butyl phenol. Determine the weight of crystals and also the percent yield Introduction There are various techniques of extractions‚ solid/liquid extraction‚ which is the most common‚ is used for brewing beverages and isolating compounds from natural
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Aromatic Substitution(1) Nitration of Methyl Benzoate(2) Synthesis of 1‚4-Di-t-butyl-2‚5-dimethoxybenzene byFriedel-Crafts Alkylation of 1‚4-DimethoxybenzenePurpose1)To carry out the nitration of methyl benzoate‚ and then identify the major product formed (position at which nitro-group substitution takes place) by thin-layer chromatography (TLC)‚ the percent yield and the melting point range. 2)To synthesize 1‚4-Di-t-butyl-2‚5-dimethoxybenzene by Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of 1‚4-Dimethoxybenzene‚ and
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J uly 5 ‚ 1960 & BUTYL STERS PEPTIDEYNTHESIS E IN S g roup occupies t he same position of the peptide chain in both mercaptalbumin and non-mercaptalbumin. 3359 Acknowledgments.-The authors are grateful to Mrs. J . O’Brien and Mr. 0. Griffith for their technical assistance. [ CONTRIBUTION T HE O RCAXIC FROM CHEMICAL RESEARCH SECTION‚ LEDERLE LABORATORIES v r s r o x ‚ MERICAN VASAMID U~ A C R Co.‚ PBARLIVER‚X. Y . ] &Butyl Esters of Amino Acids and Peptides and their
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nucleophilicities of chloride and bromide ions toward the n-butyl and t-pentyl alcohols. We were able to analyze this by using refractometry to measure the amounts of alkyl chloride and alkyl bromide in each reaction. Experiment Scheme (Procedure A) To begin the experiment‚ we assembled a reflux apparatus in the fume hood with a 100 mL round bottom flask and a condenser. Next we added 44 mL of sulfuric acid to a 125 mL Erlenmeyer flask. We also measured 4.75g ammonium chloride and 8.75g ammonium
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