Experiment 11.1 Conversion of t-Amyl Alcohol to t-Amyl Chloride Using HCL October 27‚ 2011 Purpose: Alkyl halides can be prepared from alcohols by reacting them with a hydrogen halide‚ HX (X = Cl‚ Br‚ or I). The mechanisms of acid-catalyzed substitution of alcohols are termed SN1 and SN2. The “S” stands for substitution‚ the “N” stands for nucleophilic‚ and the “1” or “2” stand for unimolecular or bimolecular. Secondary alcohols react with hydrogen halides by both SN1 and SN2
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LU 1 - Tutorial 1. Write the formulas for the following compounds: Compound Copper (II) chloride Iron(II) sulphate Sodium sulphate Ammonium nitrate Sodium nitrite Potassium sulphate Magnesium phosphate Formula Compound Lithium acetate Manganese (IV) nitrate Potassium permanganate Iron (III) oxide Potassium sulphite Potassium hydrogen carbonate Sodium iodate Formula 2. Express the following numbers in scientific notation: a) 0.000000027 b) 356 c) 47 764 d) 0.096 3. Express the following numbers
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Seung Soo (Jason) Lee 002213-065 Internal Assessment – Investigating the Relationship between Concentration of Sodium Chloride and the Rate of Reaction of Enzyme Amylase Research Question: How will changing the percentage of sodium chloride concentration affect the rate of reaction of enzyme amylase‚ measured using the absorbance of starch and iodine with a spectrophotometer. Introduction: Amylase is an enzyme that is involved in the human digestive process. Found in both the human pancreas
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hydrogen end of the molecule is slightly positive and the fluorine end is slightly negative. This causes hydrogen bonding between other hydrogen fluoride molecules. KCl – potassium chloride is a metal halide salt. The bonding between potassium and chloride is an ionic bond. The potassium becomes a cation and the chloride an anion. The potassium end of the molecule becomes slightly positive and the other end slightly negative. Na – sodium contains metallic bonding. It has a high melting due to the
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consequently raising the temperature of the solution‚ than lower density salts would. . The data I collected shows potassium chloride‚ which has a density of 1.98 g/㎤‚ increased the solution’s temperature at a faster rate than any of the other solutions. Using the data I collected‚ I can unequivocally state that my data did not support my hypothesis. Potassium chloride had the fifth highest density out of the seven salts I used in my experiment. The highest density salt I used‚ sodium carbonate
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research report on Global and China Terephthaloyl Chloride(TPC) Industry. The report firstly introduced Terephthaloyl Chloride(TPC) basic information included definition classification application industry chain structure industry overview; international market analysis‚ Global and China domestic market analysis‚ Macroeconomic environment and economic situation analysis and influence‚ Terephthaloyl Chloride(TPC) Industry policy and plan‚ Terephthaloyl Chloride(TPC) product specification‚ manufacturing process
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SOLUBILITY OF POTASSIUM CHLORIDE (KCL) AND POTASSIUM IODIDE (KI) IN WATER VARY WITH TEMPERATURE? AIM To observe solubilities of KCl and KI with water at different temperatures To compare the two solubility curves and discuss what might vary the solubility of different ionic compounds. THE VARIABLES DEPENDENT VARIABLE Temperature INDEPENDENT VARIABLE Amount of solute (KCl‚ KI) CONSTANTS Amount of the solvent (water)‚ pressure APPARATUS 100G OF POTASSIUM CHLORIDE 100G OF POTASSIUM IODIDE
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The global market for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is expected to reach USD 79.11 billion by 2020‚ according to a new study by Grand View Research‚ Inc. Increasing construction and infrastructure spending in emerging markets of Asia Pacific and Latin America is expected to remain a key driving factor for global PVC demand. In addition‚ growth of global automotive industry is also expected to have a positive influence on the market. Volatile raw material prices coupled with the stringent regulatory scenario
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Date : September 2‚ 2013 Course/Yr. : BS Chemistry III Sched : MF 7-10‚ Group#2 Experiment No. 1 Synthesis and Reactivity of Tert-Butyl Chloride I. Objectives : 1. To produce tert-butyl chloride from tert-butyl alcohol 2. To understand the SN1 and SN2 mechanism involved in the reaction 3. To determine the yield of percentage of t-butyl chloride II. Introduction An alkyl halide is a derivative of alkanes. Alkanes are hydrocarbons with a functional group C-C. The hydrogen atom
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with the goal of synthesizing an alkyl halide from alcohol and a hydrogen halide. In order to do this‚ tert-butyl alcohol was mixed with HCl to form crude tert-butyl chloride. Solid NaHCO3 and CaCl2 were used to prevent possible hydrolysis of the product. It was then purified through distillation. Results confirm the successful production of 5.01 g (51.5% yield) of the alkyl halide‚ tert-butyl choride. ------------------------------------------------- INTRODUCTION The importance of alkyl
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