Introduction: Nucleophillic substitution is one of the most studied reactions in organic chemistry. In class‚ we are learning about two of these cases: SN1 and SN2. Many other reactions in this class proceed by mechanisms that are best described as somewhat between the two extremes. The SN2 reaction occurs in a single step. The nucleophile simultaneously attaches to the substrate as the leaving group leaves. The reaction displays second-order kinetics; its rate is proportional to the concentrations
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Botany Lab ------------------------------------------------- Introduction This study observed the effects of different body fluids and solutions relative to breaking down bacteria‚ specifically in the human body. The enzymes we studied‚ lysozomes‚ help the body lyse‚ or break down bacteria by targeting peptidoglycan in bacterial walls. The solutions and fluids studied were saliva‚ mucus‚ tears‚ a stock solution of lysozomes‚ and distilled water. The solutions were placed in agar containing Micrococcus
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In the initial testing‚ it germinated three seeds within two days. Glucose also achieved these same results; however it was decided that hydrogen peroxide was more successful as the sprouts from its seeds‚ were longer and healthier. All other chemicals (Citric acid‚ Isopropyl
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9/23/12 Lab Report #1 Meter Reading Summary The objective of this experiment was to learn how to read different meters like the D.C. volt meter and the D.C. amperes meter. In all meters each big line is a major division and each little line in between is a minor division‚ and if there is a line smaller than the minor division lines then that would be a sub minor division. Each meter has a low‚ medium‚ and high range. For example on the D.C. volt meter the ranges go from top to bottom 150‚ 15‚
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Lab Report Diffusion is - One of two kinds of passive transport‚ - Diffusion can transport ions from higher concentration to lower concentration region without any other forces. - A net movement of molecules in and out of cell membrane - Diffusion can be affected by the steepness of the concentration gradient. Lab question: Is the rate of diffusion influenced by the presence of second molecule? Prediction: the rate of diffusion is influenced by the presence of second molecule
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It was hypothesized that if the animal was larger‚ then it would have larger hemoglobin. It was thought that larger mammals would need more oxygen-rich hemoglobin to support healthy function. This lab did not support this hypothesis. The results in table 1 displayed that the hemoglobin of all mammalian samples traveled about the same distance. This trend can be seen in graph 1 as the mammalian hemoglobin samples migrated the same distance. Because the proteins traveled around the same distance it
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Additional Questions: 1. H H H C C H H C C H C H H C H H Compound A Compound A is an intermediate compound found in a production plant attempting to synthesise n-hexane. a) List three physical properties of alkynes. b) Give the IUPAC name of compound A. [3 marks] [2 marks] c) There are several ways to form the final product from Compound A. An operator has decided to use Pt catalyst to react with Compound A. Write the complete chemical reaction equation. [3 marks] d) The quality assurance
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the conical vial‚ the remaining top layer was left in the vial. There is some loss of product there. It would be an improvement in percent recovery to add the left over top layer to the flask‚ but this may result in an increase in impurities in the compound extracted if the bottom layer was not cleanly removed. There is also product lost as the 4-nitroaniline and the naphthalene are transferred from their respective Erlenmeyer flasks to the vial or the Buchner funnel. Not all of the products from the
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during the lab session Procedure Part A This lab was performed by the group members as they closed both low and high flow rotameters (Fig-2) and filled the tank with water. Then‚ the large rotameter was opened when the water in the tank had reached the internal baffle‚ so the flow from the tank was reduced by doing so. One member was in charge of adjusting the level of the water so it was always maintained over the baffle’s level during the lab (Fig-1). The first part of the lab was done
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Lab Report Marisa McKinney P. 2 Purpose: To investigate the periodic variation of density in Group 4A elements. Background: When the elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number‚ they exhibit periodic recurrence of properties. Elements in the same group in the periodic table tend to have similar physical and chemical properties. These similarities are due‚ in large part‚ to similarities among the electron configurations of the elements in a group. You can find periodic
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