An article discussing the grammar-translation approach to language learning. At the height of the Communicative Approach to language learning in the 1980s and early 1990s it became fashionable in some quarters to deride so-called "old-fashioned" methods and‚ in particular‚ something broadly labelled "Grammar Translation". There were numerous reasons for this but principally it was felt that translation itself was an academic exercise rather than one which would actually help learners to use language
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AND ARTS EDUCATION UNIVERSITAS PENDIDIKAN INDONESIA Course : Grammar II (Sentence Structure) Code : IG 400 Semester : 2 Credit : 2 Credits Instructors : Rojab Siti Rodliyah‚ M.Ed. 1. Objectives At the end of the semester‚ students are able to: a. Identify the English sentence structures b. Use the structures in acceptable expressions both orally and in writing 2. Course Description This course covers some basic theories on grammar that includes phrases‚ clauses‚ sentence fragments‚ as well
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The Grammar-Translation Method As “modern” languages began to enter the curriculum of European schools in the eighteenth century‚ they were taught using the same basic procedures that were used for teaching Latin. Textbooks consisted of statements of abstract grammar rules‚ lists of vocabulary‚ and sentences for translation. Speaking the foreign language was not the goal‚ and oral practice was limited to students reading aloud the sentences they had translated. These sentences were constructed to
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OK. Today‚ we will discuss grammar teaching. This chapter includes 5 titles. The first one is: A) Introducing Grammar This part of the chapter gives us examples and principles on how to introduce a grammatical function or a grammatical structure. Examples given here are actually based on inductive methods of grammar teaching. First I want to give you a brief comparison of inductive and traditional methods of grammar teaching. Traditional Method: 1- It defines rules and exceptions at the first
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Jihad’s Arabic Grammar Notes The ‘alif-ba’According to My Transliteration: aa‚ b‚ t‚ th‚ j‚ H‚ kh‚ d‚ dh‚ r‚ z‚ s‚ sh‚ S‚ D‚ T‚ TH‚ `(this is not ’‚ but the thing on the left of my ‘1’ key)‚ rh‚ f‚ q‚ k‚ l‚ m‚ n‚ h‚ w (or oo)‚ y (or ee). ‘fatHatun’: a; ‘Dammatun’: u; ‘kasratun’: i; ‘shaddatun’: xx; ‘tanweenun’: I add a ‘n’ to the ‘harakatun’; ‘hamzatu-l’qaTa`i’: I just write the ‘harakatun’ or a ‘ ‘ ’ when necessary; ‘hamzatu-l’waSli’ (when not pronounced): -x’; (when pronounced): same as ‘hamzatu-l’qaTa’i’
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Texting Helping or Hindering In the essay “Does Texting Affect Writing” written by a student from Marywood University the question was asked if how students communicate is being effected by texting. The author made a very good argument that she believed it didn’t. She went through great research to answer the question that we have all asked at one point in time. This process was done through speaking with teachers‚ friends and students to see if texting affected their ability to write in
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According to Merriam-Webster’s Online Dictionary‚ grammar is "the study of the classes of words‚ their inflections‚ and their functions and relations in the sentence." After studying grammar‚ however‚ it is apparent that grammar also creates‚ maintains‚ and communicates meaning during interaction. Thus‚ one must look more deeply at individual words as well at whole pieces of a work or conversation in order to truly understand their meaning. Most people are aware of the denotative meanings of words
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English Grammar Metodine mokymo priemone aukљtuju mokyklu studentams 2003 2 © Vilnius Pedagogical University‚ 2003 Leidinys svarstytas ir rekomenduotas spaudai Uћsienio kalbu fakulteto Anglu filologijos katedros posedyje 2003 03 12‚ protokolo Nr. 5 Leidinys svarstytas ir rekomenduotas spaudai Uћsienio kalbu fakulteto Tarybos posedyje 2003 03 13‚ protokolo Nr. 4 Recenzentai: doc. dr. Graћina Rosiniene‚ doc. dr. Daiva Verikaite. 3 Contents Preface Introductory Traditional Grammar Traditional
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GRAMMAR TEACHING PROBLEMS Grammar is the study of rules governing the use of language‚ and it includes the study of phonology‚ phonetics‚ morphology‚ semantics‚ syntax‚ and pragmatics. Understanding the rules and function of grammar is an integral part of good writing‚ but many students find the study of it to be boring and difficult. There are many ways to teach grammar to students that can fun and interesting. Many people‚ including language teachers‚ hear the word "grammar" and think of a fixed
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E C T U R E 3 Context-Free Grammars 1 Where are Context-Free Grammars (CFGs) Used? CFGs are a more powerful formalism than regular expressions. They are more powerful in the sense that whatever can be expressed using regular expressions can be expressed using grammars (short for context-free grammars here)‚ but they can also express languages that do not have regular expressions. An example of such a language is the set of well-matched parenthesis. Grammars are used to express syntactic rules
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