HISTORY OF ACCOUNTING Primitive Accounting Traced as far as 8500 BC in Mesopotamia through the use of clay like: a. Record for paid wages b. Record purposes‚ as general Pyramids in Egypt‚ for the costs of structures Other places like China‚ Babylon‚ and Greece Middle Ages More formal account-keeping methods were developed by the merchants and banks. Double-entry records first appeared in Genoa in 1340 AD. First accounting book was written by Contrugli in Naples Summa de Arithmetica
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The lean accounting method was first developed and introduced by Toyota and other Japanese companies. Toyota executives claim that the famed Toyota Production System was inspired by what they learned during visits to the Ford Motor Company in the 1920s and developed by Toyota leaders such as Taiichi Ohno and consultant Shigeo Shingo after World War II. As pioneer American and European companies embraced lean manufacturing methods in the late 1980s‚ they discovered that lean thinking must be applied
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assumption. 2. Sales revenue should be recognised when goods and services have been supplied; costs are incurred when goods and services have been received. Which accounting concept governs the above? a. The prudence concept b. The materiality concept c. The accruals concept * d. The dual accept concept 3. Which accounting concept requires that foreseen losses should be anticipated and taken into account immediately? a. The consistency concept b. The accruals concept c. The prudence
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BUSN7050 Corporate Accounting Lecturer: Dr Sorin Daniliuc Course details • This course covers: – the characteristics of the Australian accounting environment and its financial reporting requirements for companies – accounting for owners’ equity (share capital and reserves) – accounting for liabilities (debentures) – accounting for income tax – accounting for leases – accounting for non-current assets (revaluation‚ impairment)‚ – accounting for intangible assets – a comprehensive
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Management Accounting The wake of the 21st century brings with it more challenges than the long awaited relief amidst the corporate world. Even with the improvement and introduction of cutting edge technology‚ management issues still remain a hassle even with the best tools and the best brains in the trade. Problems and issues pertaining to management are very sensitive especially when it comes to managing a company’s finances. The waxing and waning of the world economy makes this process even harder
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Managerial Accounting Vs Financial Accounting Management Accounting is used primarily by those WITHIN a company or organization. Reports can be generated for any period of time such as daily‚ weekly or monthly. Reports are considered to be "future looking" and have forecasting value to those within the company. Financial accounting is used primarily by those OUTSIDE of a company or organization. Financial reports are usually created for a set period of time‚ such as a fiscal year or period. Financial
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------------------------------------------------- Topic : Companies across the world have started to adopt environmental accounting. What is environmental accounting? Should it be made mandatory? Does environmental accounting help the environment in any way? Give specific examples of how environmental accounting has benefited the environment. ------------------------------------------------- Introduction : The developing countries like India are facing the twin problem of protecting the
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Accounting For Managers Handbook © University of Bedfordshire 2013 Published by the University of Bedfordshire Business School Luton Campus‚ Vicarage Street‚ Luton LU1 3JU‚ United Kingdom Unit Handbook © University of Bedfordshire 2013 Welcome Welcome to the Accounting For Leaders unit of the University of Bedfordshire MBA Programme. This handbook contains all of the advice and information you need to successfully complete your work on this unit. It should be read in conjunction with the
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Chapter 1 Managerial accountingis the process of identifying‚ measuring‚ analyzing‚ interpreting‚ and communicating information in pursuit of an organizations goals. Managerial accounting is an integral part of the management process‚ and managerial accountants are important strategic partners in an organizations management team. Four fundamental management processes that help organizations attain their goals Decision making‚ Planning(developing a detailed financial and operational description of
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lender or investor. To obtain funding‚ you need to convince a lender / investor that your business is more than a hobby. You need to demonstrate that you have a firm grasp of your business‚ the accounting practices that impact your business‚ the controls needed to safeguard assets‚ and which accounting system will produce accurate and relevant financial information. Write a six to eight (6-8) page business plan in which you: 1. Describe the type of business you have created including: a. The
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