INTRODUCTION Definition; It is a complex clinical syndrome that can result from any cardiac disorder that impairs the ability of the ventricle to deliver adequate quantities of blood to the metabolizing tissues during normal activity or at rest. Causes 1. Although the disease occurs most commonly among the elderly (80% of patients hospitalized with CHF are > 65 years of age)‚ it may appear at any age as a consequence of underlying cardiovascular disease. 2. There currently is no single
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ventricle Aorta (ascending/ descending) 1 Cardiac Contraction • Diastole=relaxation=filling with blood • Systole=contraction=ejection of blood • Left and right heart work simultaneously yet independently Tricuspid/Bicuspid Valves • During Atrial filling (diastole) the tricuspid and bicuspid valves are closed. • As the pressure in the atria increase‚ the valves are forced open and blood drops into the ventricles Pulmonic/Aortic Valves • During ventricular filling (diastole)
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stretch on contractile force‚ substances of acetylcholine‚ adrenaline and atropine‚ and increased frequency of stimulus. Regarding Figure 1‚ the regular heartbeat and contraction force of the toad was identified to demonstrate the difference between atrial contractions and ventricular contractions in a normal environment. In cardiac‚ skeletal‚ and some smooth muscle tissue‚ contraction occurs through a spectacle known as excitation contraction coupling (Freeman et al.‚ 2014). This process converts electrical
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In the field of medical device sales there is a vast number of providers for any medical device. Therefore‚ doctors are able to choose whatever provider they wish to use. As for the competiveness of cardiovascular devices‚ mainly pacemakers‚ there is no one company that has a sustainable competitive advantage. The device features are similar between companies. The worst thing a device company can do in this competitive market is fall behind in the latest technology or have any complications such
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i) The body needs an increased cardiac output during exercise because the increased consumption of oxygen and nutrients by muscle cells requires more blood supply. The functions of blood include delivering oxygen‚ removing CO2‚ removing heat and delivering nutrients and water. Therefore‚ blood flow is important in cellular respiration‚ which is the process where ATP is produced through the conversion of metabolites‚ also involving the consumption of oxygen and release of CO2 as a waste product.
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Anatomy and PhysiologyHuman Brain The anatomy of the brain is complex due its intricate structure and function. Thisamazing organ acts as a control center by receiving‚ interpreting‚ and directing sensoryinformation throughout the body. There are three major divisions of the brain. They arethe forebrain‚ the midbrain‚ and the hindbrain. Anatomy of the Brain: Brain Divisions The forebrain is responsible for a variety of functions including receiving andprocessing sensory information‚ thinking
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steroids. No other significant disease states. She got a left lower lobe pneumonia in the early part of February‚ treated her with oral antibiotics including Levaquin‚ gradually got better but had a sudden worsening of her status and turned out to have atrial fibrillation. She was admitted to Duke Raleigh Hospital was found to have significant aortic stenosis with a calculated valve area of only a half a centimeter. She was not considered a candidate for TAVR intervention because of her pneumonia and
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For this community-teaching plan‚ I chose to discuss Coumadin therapy. I presented the secondary prevention and screening for vulnerable people. The demographic of the audience were all nurses. RN s and LPNs were educated on why we use Coumadin and why it is so important to understand the side effects of the medication and what risk factors to be aware of when administering the medication. When dispensing the medication to our patients‚ it is our responsibility as their nurse to be fully aware of
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Lecturer |Word Count 2740 | Congenital heart disease (CHD) accounts for a large portion of clinically significant birth defects‚ and remains the leading cause of infant deaths (M. Torres‚ Pharm‚ & Nieves‚ 2008). Advances in paediatric cardiology‚ cardiothoracic surgery and intensive care have dramatically improved survival for these children. However‚ even with this progress
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their own guidelines and processes and even modernize old protocols or initiate new ones. The initiation of the Amiodarone Protocol is one such process that will improve quality care and reduce morbidity and mortality rate by decreasing the rise of Atrial Fibrillation (AFib) post coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). The purpose of this paper is to finalize and complete the various sections of the project charter and the scope statements. Project Charter According to Harding (2014)‚ the project charter
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