The authority of an agent is the act which he is allowed or authorised to do by his principal‚ and which will bind his/her principal. Usually‚ the principal will only be bound by the act of the agent if the agent acts within his/her authority. There are two types of authority which an agent could rely on‚ namely actual authority and apparent or ostensible authority. Actual authority is the authority given by the principal to the agent and could be in written or oral form. The capacity of an
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proper authority can enforce and authorize commands of these regulations‚ and finally only those who have the right criteria and background to be involved in such bureaucracy can be employed. Weber goes on to state that in public and those institutions with government attributes have these three different fundamentals to account for their institutional authority
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2.2 Authoritarian Teacher The preceding section has depicted the figure of “authoritative teacher” as a de jure and de facto authority within the teacher-centred approach. It is now turning to a discussion of the “authoritarian teacher”. The word “authority” has negative connotations with “conformism” and “unquestioning obedience” (Wilson‚ 1977)‚ leading to the unpleasant impression of teachers as authoritarians. Teacher-centred scheme in essence attempts to cultivate a student attitude of “docility
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Criticism of Lord of the Flies This article was very interesting in that it embraced the idea that perhaps authority figures should not be authority figures‚ maybe everyone needs to work together. I agree with their conclusion that a balance needs to be formed‚ this is nearly my view on this matter. First a look needs to be taken at the roles of authority figures and what they really do. Authority figures exist because people need some form of guidance or society will fall down in ruin. If everyone was
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LAWS2301 | Take Home Assignment | Sandy Goh (20806534) *Note: Unless otherwise mentioned‚ all sections mentioned in this essay are from the Corporations Act1. PART A (i) – whether Monica/ GE will be liable Under s12.1(1) of the Criminal Code Act2 (CCA) criminal liability may be imposed on GE due to Monica’s actions. A criminal offence consists of physical elements and fault elements (s3.1 CCA). The physical element is attributed to GE (s12.2 CCA) as Monica‚ who is a defacto Managing Director
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References: Aggarwal Rajesh and Andrew Samwick (1999)‚ Performance Incentives within Firms: The Effect of Managerial Responsibility Aghion Philippe and Jean Tirole (1997)‚ ”Formal and Real Authority in Organizations”‚ Journal of Political Economy (105)‚ 881-919 Barkema Harry and Johannes Pennings (1998)‚ ”Top Management Pay: Impact of Overt and Bebchuk Lucian‚ Jesse Fried and David Walker (2002)‚ “Managerial Power and Rent Extraction in 751-846
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“A&P” and “Barn Burning” are short story classics that have many similarities as well as differences. While both Sammy and Sarty are dissatisfied with their figures of authority‚ the time periods in which they live are extremely different. A very noticeable similarity is the fact that both young men are dissatisfied with their authority figures. In the beginning of the stories‚ one will see that Sammy and Sarty are not like their main influences. Each young man has a mature understanding of their
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“bleached the music‚ and promoted white rock ‘n’ rollers” (p 35). American culture was sexualized by rock ‘n’ roll music and it influenced men and women’s values. Americans were also convinced that rock ‘n’ roll music reinforced “antagonism to authority and expectations;” and “conformity to peer-group norms” in teenagers (p 99). American culture is defined by rock ‘n’ roll music and race‚ sexuality and generational conflict was a major factor in culture definition. Rock and roll’s complex relationship
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time: Power‚ as the most important factor‚ is used in many forms in a workplace. In 1956‚ John French and Bertram Raven identified five bases of power – reward‚ coercive‚ referent‚ legitimate‚ and expert. Reward power consists of having the authority to give incentives to another person in monetary or non-monetary forms.Coercive power is forcing the worker to do something that he does not have a choice over by creating fear. When excessively exercised‚ this power creates conflicts and problems
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Individual Development Plans PSY 301 Terray Kashuba September 8‚ 2006 Personal Development Skills From infancy to adulthood‚ a person’s emotional development skills differ on many levels; for example: a person may have the ability to manage a whole department but lack a few skills necessary to manage the people who work in that department. I feel as though I can relate to this issue due to the fact that even though my employees get their jobs done‚ I sometimes sense that they do not consider
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