Traditional learning viewpoints considered classical and operant conditioning to be automatic processes involving only environmental events that did not depend at all on biological or cognitive factors. Research on which of the following concepts cast doubt on this point of view? Select one: a. latent learning‚ signal relations‚ and instinctive drift b. extinction‚ discrimination‚ and generalization c. CRF‚ ratio‚ and interval schedules d. escape‚ avoidance‚ and spontaneous recovery Feedback Correct
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Animal testing Aristotle and Erasistratus were the first two early Greek physician-scientist performed experiments on living animals. In 1859‚ Charles Darwin’s evolutionary theory reinforced the conception that animals could serve as models for humans in the study of biology and physiology. Animal testing plays a large important role in pharmaceutical and medical advances‚ but many question the mortality of such use of the animal’s life. More than 100 million aninals are used for testing every
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person’s immune reactive cells fail to recognize his or her own red blood cells as self cells Iron deficiency anemia: Inadequate iron intake caused by: iron deficient diet‚ chronic alcoholism‚ malabsorption syndromes and partial gastrecromy. Rapid metabolic (anabolic) activity caused by: pregnancy‚ adolescence and infection Vitamine B12 deficiency anemia: dietary deficiency‚ failure to absorb vitamin b12 from intestinal tract as a result of: partial gastrectomy‚ pernicious anemia‚ malabsorption
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people are not very clear about the purpose of sleep‚ but some researchers believe that sleep could enhance memory. MIT researcher Matthew Wilson also illustrates the thoughts of a rat can be read by implanted the electric wire into its brain. According to a special project "rat maze"‚ memory not only affects the rat finds the way with same pattern‚ but also generates the main part of its dreams. The video also concludes that the function of sleep is learning and memory‚ and it is not just a biological
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Effect of drinking soda sweetened high-fructose corn syrup on food Michael ABSTRACT in the with intake aspartame and body or weight G TordoffandAnnette To examine MAlleva suggest that sweet oral stimulation initiates a cephalic-phase metabolic reflex that increases appetite (10). The long-term effects of artificial sweeteners on food intake and body weight are less clear. Although some investigators report weight gain in animals given artificial sweeteners to eat or drink (1 1-13)‚ the
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undergo an age-dependent decline in multiple organs. Declining apln levels perturb organismal homeostasis‚ as mice harboring genetic loss of apln (apln-/-) or aplnr (aplnr-/-) exhibit an age-dependent enhancement of their cardiovascular‚ renal‚ metabolic
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would transmit his stomach contractions to a recording device. Each time he felt hungry‚ he would push a button. • He revealed that he was having stomach contractions when ever he was hungry. • Even when the stomach was removed from some rats‚ they were still eating. • Glucose is the form of sugar that circulates in the blood and provides the major source of energy for body tissues. When its level is low‚ we feel hungry. • By increasing insulin‚ glucose is then reduced because
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In an experiment carried out by West et al‚ a group of rats exposed to the same experimental conditions were fed a high fat and a low fat diet with and without CLA supplements for six weeks. The high fat control mice weighed 5.7g less than the control mice‚ on the other hand‚ the low fat control mice weighed
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I. Unethical a. Animals cannot give their consent to be a test subject. b. Animals have feelings that aren’t recognizable. c. Robin Williams passed and the Gorilla he had been working with named Kok‚ became depressed. After learning sign language‚ Kok signed the word crying showing how sad she was by the death of Robin Williams. d. Many animals are tortured with burns‚ forced to accept these drugs with unknown results‚ and restrained for long periods of times. e. Animal testing is immoral and even
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Some snakes have a sixth sense that other animals do not have. These snakes have special pits between their eyes and nostrils. The pits are used to sense temperature changes as inferred rays to aid them in locating warm blooded animals such as a rat. There are two chambers in a pit‚ the interior and the exterior chamber. The interior chamber is the snakes temperature as where the exterior chamber heats up when it is near to heat source. The chambers are accurate enough to detect a change in
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