concepts will be discussed further later in this study. After Freud opened the gateway other perspectives and approaches have been developed‚ now with five main areas of psychology - Cognitive‚ Behaviourist‚ Biopsychology and Humanist approaches. For a comparison with the Psychodynamic theory‚ Behaviourist Theory will be discussed. Psychodynamic theory is referred to in psychological literature more than any other. This is the stereotypical psychology - looking into your past‚ discovering hidden
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“Behaviourists explain maladaptive behaviour in terms of the learning principles that sustain and maintain it. Discuss this statement and show how a behaviourists approach to therapy is in stark contrast to a psychoanalytic one”. Behaviourism is a school of thought in psychology based on the assumption that learning occurs through interactions with the environment. Two other assumptions of this theory are that the environment shapes behaviour and that taking internal mental states such as thoughts
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Analyse and evaluate the Psychodynamic‚ Behaviourist and Cognitive approaches to psychology‚ include in your answer the difference between classical and operant conditioning and compare the theories of conditioning to other approaches. Freud (1856-1939) pioneered the Psychodynamic approach creating theories such as The Three States of Mind; where any decision we make is influenced by unconscious mental processes; that the conscious‚ preconscious‚ and unconscious areas of our mind decide the outcome
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This essay has 2462 words ‘Behaviourists explain maladaptive behaviour in terms of the learning principles that sustain and maintain it. Discuss this statement and show how a behaviourists approach to therapy is in stark contrast to a psychoanalytic one’ Behaviorism was originally founded by John B. Watson who believed that behavior had the means to be measured‚ trained and changed (1913) The Behavioural theory is firstly based on experiment and secondly by describing how human behaviour is learnt
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the environment. It is a way of doing a research in a controlled environment on a certain behaviour which will have a cause and effect. It is done in a controlled environment so that extraneous variables are prevented from affecting the results. Behaviourists use lab experiments because they are interested in a cause and effect of certain behaviours. The aim is to control all relevant variables except for one key variable‚ which is altered to see what the effect is. The variable that you alter is called
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There are several theories of criminal behavior and each of these theories have its own strengths and weakness. For instance‚ the strengths of psychological theory are they focused on the effects that childhood experience have on the developing personality‚ it takes both nature and nurture into account‚ this area has worked with other areas of psychology to produce the following: social learning theory‚ social cognition and artificial intelligence. But‚ the weakness of psychological theory is that
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3 Evaluate two strengths and two weaknesses of the behaviourist approach One strength of the behaviourist approach is that it is scientific in its nature. This is because this approach is very scientific with everything proven and supported by lab experiments. Behaviourist believe that through the use of scientific methods‚ we can analyse and compare behaviour. Control over variables can see cause and effect. Behaviour should be studied objectively and variables should be operationalized (breaking
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Psychology Task 1 The psychodynamic approach includes all the theories in psychology that see human functioning based upon the interaction of drives and forces within the person‚ particularly unconscious‚ and between the different structures of the personality. Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) developed a collection of theories which have formed the basis of the psychodynamic approach to psychology. On the other hand behaviourism refers to a psychological approach which places emphasis on scientific as
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7. An investor is evaluating the use of the bottom-up approach and the top-down approach to fundamental analysis. The investor wants to use the approach that will best enable them to structure a diversified share portfolio that will achieve specified income returns and capital gains. Which approach do you recommend the investor adopt? We can use bottom-up approach to make a comparison of the performance indicators with other similar firms in the same industry and thus mixes a wide variety of investments
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Outline and evaluate the behavioural approach to abnormality. (12 marks) The behavioural approach suggests that all behaviour is learnt. This includes abnormal behaviours. Behaviours can be learned through classical conditioning‚ operant conditioning or modelling. Ivan Pavlov discovered classical conditioning‚ where learning results from the association of stimuli with reflex responses. Classical conditioning can be used to explain the development of many abnormal behaviours‚ including phobias
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