caldera‚ which is Spanish for cauldron is at least a mile in diameter and is a depression in the cone of the volcano. It is built out of the substance of the Magma and is generally the source of most eruptions. The Magma reservoir is an underground zone of porous rock that contains the magma. Generally a shield volcano eruption consists of basaltic material and the ground flow covers
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FULL SET OF NOTES ON TECHTONICS 2012 AQA GEOGRAPHY FULL SET OF NOTES ON TECHTONICS 2012 AQA GEOGRAPHY TECHTONICS | TOPICS | UNDERSTOOD/COVERED? | PLATE MOVEMENT | | SEISMICITY | | VULCANICITY | | These notes were copied from an AQA textbook. They contain EVERYTHING you need to know for the exam for the tectonics section. You WILL however‚ need to use your own case studies as these are not included. You will need 2 case studies for volcanoes‚ and 2 case studies for earthquakes
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2. 1.1 The particles that make up an atom3 Basic sub-atomic particles‚ each has different properties. Name | Symbol | Approximate relative mass | More accurate mass | Relative charge | Proton | p | 1 | 1.0000 | +1 | Neutron | n | 1 | 1.0016 | 0 | Electron | e | Almost zero | 0.000 547 | -1 | This is the culmination of the work of 5 eminent physicists‚ Dalton‚ Thomson‚ Rutherford‚ Bohr and Chadwick.Their work basically culminates in the ideas above and the important fact that an atom consists
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Chapter 1: Geology is the science that studies the history of Earth and its life. Anthropogenic (human generated) activities such as fossil fuel combustion impacting Earth has led to the study of Earth as a series of systems (series of components that interact to produce a larger‚ more complex whole). Geology is the science that examines the evolution of the natural processes on Earth‚ the evolution of life and the evolution of these interactions and how they caused the earth to evolve towards its
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tectonics provide the perfect clues to where and what seismic hazard will occur? Discuss. It is at the boundaries of the planet’s tectonic plates that most of the world’s major landforms occur and where earthquakes‚ volcanic and mountain building zones are located. The surface of the planet is made up of seven large and several smaller rigid tectonic plates which float on the semi-molton asthenosphere; the movement of these plates is influenced by the convection cells under the lithosphere‚ generated
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Plate Tectonics Designed to meet South Carolina Department of Education 2005 Science Academic Standards Table of Contents Plate Tectonics: The Beginning (slides 3 and 4) Layers of the Earth (slides 5 and 6) Standard 8-3.1 What are Tectonic Plates- movement? (slides 7 and 8) Standard 8-3.6 Tectonic Plate boundaries (slides 9-21) 1. Convergent boundary Ocean-continent (slide 10) Continent-continent (slide 11) Oceanic-oceanic (slide 12) Volcanism (slide 13) 2. Divergent boundary Sea-floor
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apart by huge convection currents In the earth’s mantle. These convection currents are initiated by heat energy produced from radioactive decay in the earth’s core. As the convection currents move the plates away from each other‚ there is a weaker zone in the crust and an increase in heat near the surface. The hotter‚ expanded crust forms a ridge. Magma rises up from the mantle in the gap. The lava cools‚ solidifies and forms a chain of volcanic mountains thousands of miles long down the middle of
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to early Devonian periods. This was due to the westward subduction of Baltican plate beneath the Laurentian margin. The continent to continent orogeny resulted in a over thickened crust. During the Palezoic orogeny several different processes were at work simultaneously‚ which included erosion‚ plate divergence‚ gravity driven collapse of the orogenic wedge‚ and viscous flow of the lower crust. The double set of extensional shear zones consists of an upper to middle crust collision and lower
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The Structure of the Earth and Plate Tectonics Structure of the Earth Mantle • The Earth is made up of 3 main layers: Outer core Inner core – Core – Mantle – Crust Crust The Crust • This is where we live! • The Earth’s crust is made of: Continental Crust Oceanic Crust - thick (10-70km) - buoyant (less dense than oceanic crust) - mostly old - thin (~7 km) - dense (sinks under continental crust) - young How do we know what the Earth is made of? • Geophysical surveys: seismic‚ gravity‚
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graph below: 9. According to the figure above‚ which of the following types of plate boundaries produce the deepest earthquakes? A) transform fault boundary B) divergent boundary C) continental collision boundary D) subduction zone boundary E) all the
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