The defining features of drug intoxication and addiction can be traced to disruptions in cell-to-cell signaling. October 01‚ 2007 Carl Sherman‚ NIDA Notes Contributing Writer illustration of a neuron Drugs of abuse alter the way people think‚ feel‚ and behave by disrupting neurotransmission‚ the process of communication between brain cells. Over the past few decades‚ studies have established that drug dependence and addiction are features of an organic brain disease caused by drugs’ cumulative
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allows the synapse to pass information. Axon – It’s a long slender part of the nerve cell‚ that helps transmit the neural signal. Neurotransmitter – They are brain chemicals that communicate throughout the body. Amygdala – It is located in the cerebral hemisphere that looks like a grey almond shape‚ it controls the emotions we have from hormones‚ arousal and emotional memories. Hippocampus – This is in the medial temporal lobe it’s a small organ and is very important to the limbic system‚ it
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academic or physical skills‚ significant drop in overall school performance‚ agression‚ impulsiveness‚ and a decline in mental abilities. Almost every part of the brain is affected by HD‚ but the parts most affected are the basa ganglia and the cerebral cortex. The basal ganglia is group of neurons located at the base of the
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various studies over sign language users. In case of spoken language users‚ auditory speech processing activates right hemisphere. With bilinguals it was believed that all the languages (more than two languages also) are localized in the same cerebral areas. But this had a controversy. It is proved by some experiments that brain areas recruited for L1 (primary language or the mother tongue) learning and processing are different from those recruited for L2 (second language acquired). The
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Alzheimer’s brain. There was a loss of nerve cells from the Cerebral Cortex in the Alzheimer’s victim. Approximately ten percent of the neurons in this region were lost. But a ten percent loss is relatively minor‚ and cannot account for the severe impairment suffered by Alzheimer’s victims. Neurofibrillary Tangles are also found in the brains of Alzheimer’s victims. They are found within the cell bodies of nerve cells in the cerebral cortex‚ and take on the structure of a paired helix. Other diseases
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Journey of the brain-Birth to late adulthood Child development is crucial throughout the early years‚ during this time the development of the brain occurs and continues through late adulthood. The development of the brain contributes to the functioning of the body. The anatomy of the brain is made up of neurons and divided into four different lobes. The temporal‚ frontal‚ parietal‚ and occipital lobes control a variety of cognitive functions (Santrock‚ 2013). The
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a split-brain hippocampus and a normal brain hippocampus. The cut done on the corpus callosum will not affect the hippocampus because the cut would not be deep enough. 1C. The cerebral cortex of the normal brain is different from a split-brain cerebral cortex because it has not been severed. In a split-brain cerebral cortex the two
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| | |Ventricles |Hollow spaces in the brain filled with cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) | |Occipital Lobe |The region at the back of each cerebral hemisphere that contains the centers of | | |vision and reading ability | |Frontal
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Human Biology 3A Notes CHAPTER 4: Chemical Messengers Homeostasis: the maintenance of a constant internal environment Homeostasis ensures that the fluid environment of the cells: • Contains the optimum concentration of nutrients‚ ions‚ gases and water • Stays at a constant temperature – the optimum temperature for normal cell functioning • Is maintained at the optimum pressure Feedback system: Negative feedback system: Negative feedback: Positive feedback: A situation where the response toa
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Psychology Scenarios 1. a 17 year old is sleeping and remembes a distinct dream: Pons‚ thalamus and cerebral cortex. Pons: The pons is associated in sleep paralysis‚ and also plays a role in generating dreams. Thalamus: relays signals from auditory‚ somatic‚ visceral and visual regions of the peripheral nervous system. Helps to see the dreams while you are sleeping. Cerebral Cortex: The cerebral cortex plays a key role in memory‚ attention‚ perceptual awareness‚ thought‚ language‚ and consciousness
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