authority‚ and wealth” (Stokstad xxvii). During the Medieval Ages‚ the main purpose of the castle was to protect the citizens of a particular kingdom. These huge fortresses played major roles in the society of the Medieval Ages‚ along with their magnificent architecture‚ castle are still popular today. A medieval kingdom commonly included a large castle‚ to house the royal family‚ knights‚ and servants‚ and a city with merchants‚ houses‚ and a church. The city was usually
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DARK AGES IN EUROPE Dark Ages is the term that was formerly used to describe the decline of Roman culture and the turmoil in Europe in the 5th and 6th centuries after the collapse of the Roman Empire. Modern historians avoid the term with its implication that only Roman values were civilised values. Many Germanic peoples traveled through Italy‚ Germany‚ France‚ Spain and North Africa‚ settling wherever they could. Many groups formed their own kingdoms. The label employs traditional light-versus-darkness
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For more than twelve centuries‚ there has been hostile conflict between the Orthodox and Catholic churches ("The Filioque: A Church Dividing Issue?: An Agreed Statement”). Their conflict led to the violent crusades and an extensive division among the two (Elisabeth Gaynor Ellis & Anthony Esler‚ p. 673). Leadership‚ culture‚ language‚ and differences in the practice of Christianity are large contributors to the continuing discord (Davies). Although Orthodox beliefs are derived from Catholic beliefs
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000–22‚000 BC) found across central Europe; the 30 cm tall Lion man of the Hohlenstein Stadel of about 30‚000 BCE has hardly any pieces that can be related to it. The Swimming Reindeer of about 11‚000 BCE is one of the finest of a number of Magdalenian carvings in bone or antler of animals in the art of the Upper Paleolithic‚ though they are outnumbered by engraved pieces‚ which are sometimes classified as sculpture. With the beginning of the Mesolithic in Europe figurative sculpture greatly reduced
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The rise of capitalism in western Europe was a dramatic change in comparison to earlier feudal systems; the agricultural means of living that prevailed during the middle ages resulted in lower productivity in comparison to the more technologically advanced capitalism era. The major aspects that exhibit dramatic change when comparing the two time periods are the treatment of labour and the difference in economic growth. Feudalism became apparent in Western Europe‚ in particular‚ England during the
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advantage in the struggle for power in east central Europe in the 18th century Political: In 1701 the English‚ Dutch‚ Austrians‚ and Prussians form the grand alliance against Louis XIV‚ claiming they were fighting to prevent France from becoming too strong in Europe‚ monarchs reduced the political power of the landlord nobility (Junkers) and they left the nobles the unchallenged masters of their peasants‚ the would-be absolutist monarchs of eastern Europe gradually gained and monopolized political power
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In his post on this blog yesterday‚ “Indeed Very Many: Universalism in the Early Church‚” Matthew Distafano cites an impressive list of Early Church Fathers who were pro-universal salvation‚ and connects the switch in Christian theology to exclusivism with the writings of Augustine (in the late fourth and early fifth centuries)‚ the Emperor Justinian‚ and the Fifth Ecumenical Council in Constantinople in the sixth century. As a student of patristics‚ I find this timing significant. Almost anyone
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Medieval Weapons Medieval society‚ in spite of its stereotypes‚ was not inherently more violent than modern society. "Although there was no state in the modern sense‚ and therefore no set of laws that inherently took away the power of the average man or woman to exercise violence‚ the violence of the day was considered differently‚ and with out the inherent sense of criminality that accompanies it today. Our understanding of the weapons of the medieval world is skewed by the vast disarming of
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The medieval period was a long era of rulers‚ also known as the dark ages. In this time the king had power over the lives‚ land‚ and assets of every person‚ if the king told you to go fight and die for your kingdom you’d better have done it. Because the kings ruled all land and resources‚ all they wanted was more‚ and in turn‚ the medieval era was an age of war and bloodshed. At this time war was not only accepted as a part of everyday life‚ but embraced as a noble cause. Truly medieval was not as
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The separation of church and state is a very sensitive topic in today’s society. Most people see the phrase “separation of church and state” and think it is concrete‚ constitutional‚ proof that nothing religious should set foot in anything relating to government‚ but that is not always the case. The division of the church and the state was instead to prohibit the government from imposing or taking away any religious beliefs. Today’s laws concerning church and state relations are very strict. The
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