Yield Data The reaction of 0.139 grams of trans-cinnamic acid‚ 0.8 mL of glacial acetic acid‚ and 1.0 mL of 1.0 M of Bromine in acetic acid was recrystallized to form a solid‚ clear‚ crystal- like product. The melting was taken from the recrystallized product to determine what had been obtained. The melting point was found to be 130.5°C-133.7°C. Concluding that the product formed from the addition of bromine was a mixture of the erythro-2‚ 3-dibromo-3-phenylpropanoic acid‚ which has a known melting
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Colonialism in Sub-Saharan Africa Throughout history‚ Europe has had a greater affect on the world politically than any other continent. Africa endured colonialism for centuries and in some areas the continent is still affected by European governments. There have been positive effects of colonialism on Africa‚ but the effects have been far more destructive than beneficial‚ especially in the countries of the Sub-Saharan region. Though advancement and technology is finding its way to Africa slowly but
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Abstract The bromination of trans-cinnamic acid was completed to determine dibromide’s stereochemical structure and its mechanism. After the addition of bromine to trans-cinnamic acid‚ the product was identified by its melting point and infrared spectrum resulting in erythro-2‚3-Dibromo-3-phenylpropanoic acid after comparing similar properties. Introduction In this lab‚ the bromination of trans-cinnamic acid was completed to determine dibromide’s stereochemical structure‚ and from there determine
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The Atlantic Slave Trade and Colonialism The Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade began when Portuguese interests in Africa moved away from the legendary deposits of gold to a much more readily available commodity – slaves‚ around the mid-fifteenth century. The plantation economies of the New World were built on slave labour. Seventy percent of the slaves brought to the new world were used to produce sugar‚ the most labour-intensive crop. The rest were employed harvesting coffee‚ cotton‚ and tobacco‚ and
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Britain had become the largest exporter of African slaves to the Americas by the 18th century. By the start of the 19th century more than half of the slaves taken from the West Coast of Africa had been transported across the Atlantic Ocean by British ships. Although Britain was one of the key investors in the slave institution it became the first major European country to leave the trans- Atlantic slave trade and make it illegal in 1807. The discovery of the Americas at the end of the 15th century
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the 16th through 18th centuries in regions that were apart of the Atlantic Ocean trading system. Due to European contact‚ Africa and the Americas both underwent changes that were similar and different. Parts of the Sub-Saharan Africa continent were greatly affected by the Europeans. Unlike the Americas‚ however‚ people from Europe did not colonize in Africa. This was because of the African governments along the Gold and Slave coasts. The Europeans recognized that they had great power and strong African
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those we feel we resemble in some way. For the people in the trans community‚ we are all similar in our identity; that we feel as though we are not the gender that was assigned to us at birth. We have many different ways we experience our being trans‚ including different experiences and beliefs that can be polar opposites. The trans community forms together in online spaces‚ such as forums or blogs‚ to support each other and discuss trans-related topics. In these “safe” online settings‚ protected by
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Prompt: Although the development of the Trans-Mississippi West is popularly associated with hardy individualism‚ it was in fact largely dependent on the federal government. Assess the validity of this statement with specific reference to western economic activities in the 19th century. In the late 1800s and early 1900s‚ the idea of the far west captivated many. The chance to begin life anew attracted thousands of individuals and families alike to move out west and escape their current life‚ which was
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Trans-America Paper Company Upgrading the current plant in Malaysia is a good decision for Trans-America Paper Company (TAPC.) The facility will get a billion-dollar upgrade from WIG‚ and TAPC invests no capital whatsoever. In addition‚ the only major negative economic impact is the undetermined loss of profit in the profit split with WIG. However‚ just upgrading the plant is one-half of the best decision. TAPC’s mission statement is clear. The priorities of the company are‚ in order of importance
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Asia and sub-Saharan Africa Islam influenced sub-Saharan African culture without incorporating African states into a Middle Eastern core. During much of the classical period‚ links between sub-Saharan Africa and the civilized cores were limited. Between 800 C.E. and 1500 C.E.‚ contacts between Africa and other civilizations intensified. One of the most important of the cultural influences was the conversion of some African states to Islam. Islamization connected Africa more closely to a Eurasian
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