could be charged with a number of non fatal offences ranging from the lowest non fatal offences which are common assault and battery under the Criminal Justice Act 1988‚ to the higher offences assault causing actual bodily harm and grievous bodily harm under the Offence Against the Person Act (1861). In order for the attacker to be charged within the criminal courts‚ the prosecution must prove the crime is ’beyond reasonable doubt ’ (Charman‚ 2010: 211). The jury must be certain the accused is responsible
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Answers * Assess the modern approaches to the definition of ’intention’ in English criminal Law -look at hierarchy of fault elements‚ intention v recklessness‚ foresight and intention 1) For some offences prosecution must prove BRD that the accused intended a particular consequence. ie murder‚ intention to kill/GBH ‚ recklessness will not suffice 2) also in OAPA 1861‚ s18 intention alone suffices ‚ intent to wound/GBH 3) there is no stat definition of intention. Its meaning is found
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Civil Litigation vs. Criminal Litigation If somebody commits a crime or does wrong doing to another what category does it fit under? Is it civil case or a criminal case? Although there are many similarities between civil litigation procedures and criminal litigation procedures‚ several differences exist among them. The first difference among the two procedures is what even defines them. A civil case involves a wrong doing between two private parties in which the victim is suing for damages or
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democratic governance have had difficulty in accommodating laws designed to deal with offensive behaviour — with which I include offensive language.” Later in that same case‚ Harper J observed (at [5])‚ “According to Professors Bronitt and McSherry‚ “[c]riminalising offensive language or conduct has the potential to interfere with the freedom of expression‚ assembly and association protected by Arts 19‚ 21 and 22 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights” — and‚ more relevantly for present
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Criminal Law Paper A country without rules to follow will be peril‚ just imagine how dangerous our communities would be. We would see crime in every corner‚ criminals will be everywhere‚ and people will not have peace. Many people ask what the purpose of law is and why laws are created. Criminal laws "deal with the crime committed against the public by the public and this laws focus on the general public and how they respond or take charges for the offenses they have made" (Criminal Lawyer Group
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LAW 209 FINAL EXAM MAY 18‚ 2012. PROF. URIEL INSTRUCTIONS: THIS EXAM IS DUE TO ME NO LATER THAN 11:59 PM ON MAY 22‚ 2012. THE EXAM IS OPEN BOOK‚ BUT YOU MAY NOT COLLABORATE WITH ANY OTHER STUDENT. THE CHAPTERS TESTED ARE SEVEN THROUGH 13. YOU ARE REMINDED TO INCLUDE ANY EXTRA CREDIT AT THE END OF THE EXAM. WRITE YOUR ANSWERS AS A SEPARATE DOCUMENT AND EMAIL THEM TO ME AT JURIEL@JJAY.CUNY.EDU QUESTION 1: Albert has long wanted to smoke Cuban and Nicaraguan cigars. Believing that it is illegal
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It is often asserted that liability for omissions is exceptional in English criminal law. How convincing is this claim? To assert that liability for omissions is ’exceptional ’ is to make two claims. If exceptional is taken simply to mean rare‚ one claim is that omissions are infrequently criminalised. However‚ if exceptional is taken to mean forming an exception then there must exist a general rule from which such an exception may depart. This claim is questionable‚ and will be explored first
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Criminal Law notes 1.Voluntary act: Status offences – no conduct is required but the crime is committed when a certain state of affair exists or the defendant is in a certain condition or is of a particular status. R v Larsonneur (1933) – Appellant was brought involuntarily back to the UK where she was charged on being an ‘alien’. LCJ Hewart claimed the ‘circumstances are perfectly immaterial’ Winzar v Chief constable of Kent (1983) – drunk on a public highway. LJ Robert Goff claimed ‘it is enough
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To what extent is the criminal law in England and Wales clear as to when intoxication can be a defence? Should it be clearer? Introduction For hundreds of years‚ it has been assumed that individuals behave more aggressively while under the influence of alcohol. Alcohol related crimes cost the UK taxpayer £1.8 billion on average per year . However‚ society has taken an ambivalent attitude towards intoxication. Alcohol consumption is generally depicted as a puritanical
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LS160-Criminal Law and Procedure BIBLIOGRAPHY A Articles/Books/Reports Hayes‚ Robert & Eburn‚ Michael‚ Criminal Law and Procedure in NSW Chesterman‚ Michael‚ Criminal Trial Juries in Australia Crimes Act 1900‚ NSW Criminal Procedure Act Legislative Council Select Committee on the partial defence of provocation – Inquiry into the partial defence of provocation‚ July 2012 B Websites www.judcom.nsw.gov.au/publications www.hcourt.gov.au www.parliament.nsw.gov.au www.lawlink.nsw.gov
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