Measuring and calculating equilibrium constants Clearly‚ if the concentrations or pressures of all the components of a reaction are known‚ then the value of K can be found by simple substitution. Observing individual concentrations or partial pressures directly may be not always be practical‚ however. If one of the components is colored‚ the extent to which it absorbs light of an appropriate wavelength may serve as an index of its concentration. Pressure measurements are ordinarily able to measure only
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environmental impacts were tested for the enzyme peroxidase which catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. The basic decomposition reaction was carried out first without any environmental alterations. The hypothesis for this reaction was supported. The enzyme caused the amount of absorbance increase as time went on at a fairly constant rate (Figure 1). As shown in Figures 2A and 2B‚ pH has a large effect on the rate to which an enzyme catalyzes a reaction. The optimum pH for the peroxidase was
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has malfunctioned pancreas‚ liver‚ and kidney. The pancreas plays a crucial role in controlling the levels of glucose in the bloodstream. It releases hormones (glucagon and insulin) which help in regulating blood sugar. Liver cells absorb amino acids to trigger off a series of chemical reactions in a process known as the deamination of amino acids (Advancing Chemical Sciences par. 4). Kidney helps in maintenance of water balance in the body by regulating water concentration of blood plasma. Additionally
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Measuring the effect of the concentration of caffeine on heartbeats. Caffeine is a stimulant which increases cardiac arrhythmia (improper heart rate) by increasing stress hormone (e.g. adrenaline) secretions. It also increases blood pressure which contributes to the blockage of receptors such as adenosine A1 and A2 receptors. The caffeine blocking receptors also blocks vasodilatory function‚ in which blood vessels become less dilated. Hence wise‚ caffeine is also known as a mild stimulant of the
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Maryely Ramirez Professor Theresa Sterner Bio Lab 105 04 November 2013 The Effects Environmental Temperature and pH have on the Activity of Porcine Pancreatic Amylase Introduction There are many types of enzymes and each has a specific job. Enzymes are particular types of proteins that help to speed up some reactions‚ such as reactants going to products. One of them is the amylase enzyme. Amylases are found in saliva‚ and pancreatic secretions of the small intestine. The function of amylase is
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The Difficulty Limited/Extensive choices pose: Its Effect on motivation and Satisfaction The Difficulty Limited and Extensive choices pose: Its Effect on motivation and Satisfaction Teagan. R. Donnelly 214282075 HPS121 Psychology B: Individual and Social Development The Difficulty Limited/Extensive choices pose: Its Effect on motivation and Satisfaction Abstract The conducted study is based on personal choice in limited and extensive choice experimental
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The Folin assay overestimated the chymotrypsin concentration because of the difference in the properties of BSA and chymotrypsin. The different amino acid composition could have had an effect on how much the Folin reagent was reduced which causes the observed colour change. Too many of these amino acids which have this reducing ability in chymotrypsin could have led to the higher observed concentration seen in this
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reactions. The light dependent reactions are the first stage‚ where energy from sunlight is captures in Photosystem 2 and then 1‚ the electrons generated in Photosystem 1 then moves along the electron transport chain. The moving of electrons causes a hydrogen ion gradient that is used in the final step to produce ATP‚ by the ATP Synthase. The equation for this reaction is 6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6+6O2 or‚ carbon dioxide +water sugars + oxygen . This reaction takes place on the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast
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Lauren Sullivan Plants Imperfections Abstract The purpose of this experiment was to plant different crosses and observe the different phenotypic ratios the plants present. The procedure of this experiment was plant six different crosses and water them correctly so that we could observe the different phenotypes and compare them to Mendel’s proposed ratios. Mendel‚ who had studied peas‚ did a similar experiment and came up with specific ratios that a monohybrid and dihybrid cross should show. His
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References: • Chang‚ R.‚ & Overby‚ J. S. (2011). General chemistry: the essential concepts. New York‚ NY‚ McGraw-Hill. • Ironrichfood.org‚ (2011): Iron content of beef liver http://www.ironrichfood.org/iron-beef-liver/ (Accessed 20th march) • Mineral Information Institute‚ (2011) : The Role of Elements in Life Processes http://www.mii.org/periodic/LifeElement.html#fe (Accessed 24th Mar 2011)
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