Enzymes control the rate of metabolic reactions‚ they act as biological catalysts‚ which means they are used but not used up and they also control the speed of the reaction. Enzymes are proteins which means that anything that disrupts this structure such as high temperature or change in pH will affect the enzyme activity. There are many factors affecting enzyme action for example temperature effects them‚ if the Increasing the heat gives molecules more kinetic energy so they vibrate this can then
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Use of Enzymes in Food Industry - Food industry utilizes a variety of enzymes for processing of various foods‚ e.g.‚ production of various types of syrups from starch or sucrose (a- and β- amylases‚ glucamylase‚ pullulanase‚ invertase‚ and glucose isomerase)‚ meat/protein processing using proteases‚ removal of glucose and or molecular oxygen (O2) using glucose oxidase and catalase‚ use of lactase in dairy industry and use of enzymes in fruit juice and brewing industries. Glucose oxides are obtained
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Enzymes Lecture outlines •Catalysis profile •Activation energy & its •Enzyme & substrate substrates •How enzymes bind to •Lock & Key model •Induced-fit model •Enzyme assay Lecture outcomes • At the end of this lecture‚ students are able to: • Define the catalyst • Understand how enzymes work as catalysts‚ the concept of activation energy and enzymes-substrate binding • Explain different theories of the relation between enzymes and substrates Catalysis • It is probably
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Enzymes All enzymes are globular proteins and round in shape They have the suffix "-ase" Intracellular enzymes are found inside the cell Extracellular enzymes act outside the cell (e.g. digestive enzymes) Enzymes are catalysts → speed up chemical reactions Reduce activation energy required to start a reaction between molecules Substrates (reactants) are converted into products Reaction may not take place in absence of enzymes (each enzyme has a specific catalytic action) Enzymes catalyse
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EXPERIMENT TO SHOW THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON ENZYME ACTIVITY Table of raw data of experiment to show effect of temperature on enzyme activity Temperature (ᵒc) (+/-0.05) | Time taken for pink solution to turn back to white (s) (+/- 0.05) | | Repeat1 | Repeat2 | Repeat3 | Repeat4 | Repeat5 | 21 (Room Temperature) | 414.0 | 286.0 | 286.0 | 297.0 | 294.0 | 40 | 122.0 | 88.0 | 125.0 | 86.0 | 92.0 | 60 | 176.0 | 162.0 | 161.0 | 166.0 | 180.0 | 80 | 356.0 | 367.0 | 396.0 | 85.0 | 438
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Enzyme Lab Marcus James. December 20‚ 2013 HL Biology 3 Period 1 Purpose and Background The purpose of this lab is to explain how enzymes act as catalysts for biological reactions in different temperatures. This lab relates to enzymes‚ proteins‚ and substrates; that we learned in class. The union of the enzyme and the substrate is called the enzyme-substrate complex. The make-up of an enzyme is proteins and made up of chains and amino acids. Enzymes
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pH pH means Power of Hydrogen or Potential of Hydrogen. pH is a scale of acidity from 0 to 14. It tells how acidic or alkaline a substance is. More acidic solutions have lower pH. More alkaline solutions have higher pH. Substances which are not acidic or alkaline i.e neutral usually have a pH of around 7. Acids have a pH less than 7. Alkalis have a pH greater than 7. There are a lot of ways for finding the pH of something. One way is to use litmus paper. The pH paper is able to tell how strong
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pH and Chromatography Lab Report Kevin Rivera Biology Mr. Langley 2C 10/7/13 Introduction In this lab‚ of pH and Chromatography‚ in the pH aspect of the lab we are trying to figure out the pH level of certain chemicals by writing down of known solutions to find the type of unkown solution using pH standards. In the Chromatography‚ we are trying to separate the chemicals using water and a piece of paper. Methodology Materials: Safety Goggles pH indicator & pH indicator key
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Enzyme Catalysis Introduction: Enzymes are produced by living organisms as proteins. These enzymes perform as catalysts to bring about a chemical reaction. In fact‚ most reactions are catalyzed by enzymes during reactions in the cell or in the human body. A catalyst that enzymes pose ad are by definition substances that are capable of initiating or speeding up a chemical reaction. Catalyst are not a necessity during a chemical reaction‚ they are just used to speed up a chemical reaction. This event
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Digestion and Enzymes – APP. Hypothesis: The enzyme‚ Amylase which is used to break down carbohydrates will work the best when heated at 40°C. Also‚ as the temperature increases the reaction rate of amylase increases too. However‚ the reaction rate of amylase will start decreasing when the temperature reaches the enzyme’s optimal temperature. Many enzymes are specific for a certain substrate. For example‚ lipase is a specific enzyme for fat substrates and protease‚ a specific enzyme for protein
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