Enzyme Immobilization Methods Covalent Binding: Covalent binding is a conventional method for immobilization; it can be achieved by direct attachment with the enzyme and the material through the covalent linkage [37]. The covalent linkage is strong and stable and the support material of enzymes includes polyacrylamide‚ porous glass‚ agarose and porous silica [38]. Covalent method of immobilization is mainly used when a reaction process does not require enzyme in the product‚ this is the criteria
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Investigating the effect of changing substrate concentration on the activity of the enzyme catalase The aim of this experiment is to examine how the concentration of a substrate (hydrogen peroxide) affects the rate of reaction of an enzyme catalyse (found in liver cells) Research Question: how does changing the concentration of the substrate affect the rate of reaction of the enzyme catalyse? Hypothesis: As the concentration of the substrate increases‚ so does the rate of reaction until the reaction
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------------------------------------------------- COLORIMETRIC DETERMINATION OF pH ------------------------------------------------- Abstract This experiment examined the result of the various color indicators combined with different buffer solution‚ thereby testing the precision and accuracy of determining the pH value colorimetrically. Colorimetric method is a simple and practical procedure with an important advantage: they do not get out of order as from time to time do the pH-meters. Four buffers (Acetate buffer‚ phosphate
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Study Guide for Unit V Energy and Enzymes. What is cellular work? Why must living things utilize energy with maximum efficiency? Define energy. Why do living things need a constant input of energy? Where does all energy in the biosphere originate? Define kinetic and potential energy. (Give biological examples). What are the two laws of thermodynamics? Give examples. What is entropy and what is the law of entropy? How do living things resist the law of entropy? Give biological examples. Define
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PHILIPPINES TO LEAPFROG TO BE THE 16TH LARGEST ECONOMY BY 2050 ACCORDING TO IMF The Republic of the Philippines is one among those list of developing economy and owns the possibility of being one of the fruitful nation in the next succeeding decades. Our country is highly expected to jump 27 places to become the 16th largest economy by the year of 2050 as projected by The Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation International Bank. Resounding softly across the 7‚100 islands that form the Philippines
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Enzymes in Living Tissues Purpose: The purpose of the lab was to analyze the enzymes in living tissues‚ represented by the pieces of liver. Also‚ hydrogen peroxide was used to demonstrate these effects. Storyboard: Materials: 2 50 mL beakers 10 mL graduated cylinder 3% hydrogen peroxide solution Hot water bath Lemon juice or HCl Fresh liver Forceps Procedure: Measure 10 mL of hydrogen peroxide and record its temperature. Pick the liver up with the forceps and
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[pic] Introduction Enzymes are catalysts which speed up a reaction by providing an alternative reaction pathway of lower activation energy. But they do not undergo permanent changes and so they remain unchanged even at the end of the reaction. Many enzymes consist of proteins and non-proteins called the cofactor. The intra- and intermolecular bonds that hold proteins in their secondary and tertiary structures are disrupted by changes in temperature and pH. This affects shapes and so the
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Enzymes are proteins or nucleic acids that catalyze reactions. They are able to speed up reactions by reducing the activation energy of a reaction. Each kind of enzyme has a specific shape that matches its substrate so it can bind to its active site. Enzymes convert their substrates into a product. Enzyme activity are affected by factors such as temperature‚ pH‚ and time. If an enzyme is exposed to extreme heat‚ it will become denatured‚ that is‚ to become deformed and lose its original shape which
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analyzing pH it measures for the acidity or basicity of a solution. pH levels vary depending on the solution. The more acidic solutions would be juices and vinegar and cleaning materials would be basic. You can determine the purpose of solutions based on their acidity and basicity. We measure the pH of solutions on a scale with levels from 1-14. These levels may change if other solutions are added‚ we can tell what the pH will be based on its colour. Solutions called buffers change the pH levels of
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Introduction When using different methods to measure pH levels there are some tools that can be useful. Some more than others but by putting into action the different methods it may determine which tools will work best and give the best results when testing the pH within a solution. The pH‚ which stands for the proportion of hydrogen ions in a solution‚ could be acidic (acidosis)‚ neutral or basic (alkaline). The pH scale goes from numbers 1 through 14. A pH of 7 is neutral; meaning the amount of hydrogen
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