Enzymes Lecture outlines •Catalysis profile •Activation energy & its •Enzyme & substrate substrates •How enzymes bind to •Lock & Key model •Induced-fit model •Enzyme assay Lecture outcomes • At the end of this lecture‚ students are able to: • Define the catalyst • Understand how enzymes work as catalysts‚ the concept of activation energy and enzymes-substrate binding • Explain different theories of the relation between enzymes and substrates Catalysis • It is probably
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BIOCHEMISTRY 304 Enzyme Kinetic Sample Problems #1 September 2004 1 Given the reaction k1 kp E + S ES E + P k-1 where k1 = 1 x 107 M-1 sec-1 k-1 = 1 x 102 sec-1‚ and kp = 3 x 102 sec-1 a) Calculate Ks b) Calculate Km (a) k-1 1 x 102 sec-1 Ks = k1 = 1 x 107 M-1 sec-1 = 1 x 10-5 M (b) k-1 + kp (1 x 102 sec-1) + (3 x 102 sec-1)
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prediction. I have also noticed that the highest rate is at a slightly higher temperature than I expected‚ though this may be due to the large difference in temperature between each sample. As the temperature was increases the molecules were given more energy and move around in the solution quicker increasing the chances of collision‚ speeding up the brake down of starch. I had found that where the temperature was above 40Ëšc the enzyme did not work as efficiently‚ even with the extra
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Enzymes What Are Enzymes? Substances that speed up chemical reactions are called catalysts. Organic catalysts are called enzymes. Enzymes are specific for one particular reaction or group of related reactions. Many reactions cannot occur without the correct enzyme present. They are often named by adding "ase" to the name of the substrate. Example: Dehydrogenases are enzymes that remove hydrogen. Induced-fit Theory The shape of the enzyme must match the shape of the substrate
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Enzymes and Their Importance in Plants and Animals Enzymes are large proteins that are responsible for catalysing thousands of metabolic processes that sustain life. Enzymes work similarly to those catalysts used in industry by lowering activation energy and therefore dramatically speeding up the rate of a reaction‚ however‚ these biological catalysts are highly selective to their substrate. Almost every chemical reaction that occurs in a cell requires enzymes in order to occur at rates required
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Effects of pH on the Function of Enzymes Rena Mototani Glen Rock High School Advanced Biology 2014-2015 Effects of pH on the Function of Catalase Rena Mototani Problem: How does the pH of a cell affect the function of the enzyme catalase? Introduction In this lab‚ we experimented the effects of pH on the function of the enzyme catalase. Catalase is an enzyme that brings about the reaction by which hydrogen peroxide is decomposed to water and oxygen (Encyclopedia Britannica). The
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SLII The effect of three different pH levels (4‚ 7‚ 10) on the rate of germination of spanish beans Research Question: What is the effect of three different pH levels (4‚ 7‚ 10) on the rate of germination of spanish beans? Independent Variable: The different pH levels in the water would be the independent variable in this lab. Three different pH levels were tested‚ 4‚ 7 and 10‚ both 4 and 10 were chosen because they are 3 pH levels away from 7 which would be the regular pH level of water
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inhibit a class of enzymes known as cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases. These enzymes are‚ in part responsible for degrading a stimulatory signal produced when excitatory neurotransmitters activate different neurons in the central nervous system (CNS). Thus‚ when they are inhibited by caffeine‚ the stimulatory signal remains active for a longer period of time resulting in a greater sense of alertness (a CNS effect) but also a higher heart rate‚ blood pressure and respiratory rate. Caffeine also acts
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Controlled assessment: Sainsbury’s transcripts Jason and Joseph-by Zrafshan Rasool In the first transcript ‘store standards’ Joseph and Jason communicate with each other on the shop floor using spontaneous speech . However Jason comes with an agenda. In the second transcript‚ ‘setting up the meeting’ Jason and joseph are arranging a meeting where they argue a bit about joseph having a meeting with someone else. However Jason warns him that he is to have a meeting with him and he ‘holds the floor’
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introduction to enzymes Enzymes are the foundation of energy and the life force in all living things. They are responsible for building‚ detoxifying‚ and healing the body. They are also the force that allows your body to digest and absorb food. Enzymes also regulate tens of thousands of other biochemical functions that take place in the body every day. Without enzymes‚ seeds would not sprout‚ fruit would not ripen‚ leaves would not change color‚ and life would not exist. Therefore‚ the study of enzymes has
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