Enzymes Ashley Njeru Mrs. Booth Tuesday‚ March 19th 2013 SBI 4U INTRODUCTION: The cellular activity of all organisms is controlled through the use of enzymes. An enzyme is a special type of biological molecule‚ usually a protein‚ which speeds up a chemical reaction; most are soluble in water or a dilute salt solution. There are about 4000 different enzymes in a typical living cell. If even one of these enzymes is missing or
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Factors which Affect the Activity of the Enzyme Catalase Purpose: Must include: background information about concepts involved in the lab‚ statement of purpose of the lab identification of independent and dependent variables. A hypothesis is often not necessary or appropriate. Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions in cells. They break down molecules called substrates. Each enzyme has only one substrate that it breaks down. Enzymes are produced in the cells of the body
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Enzyme Report Case 1 - Hereditary Fructose Intolerance 1 & 2. Enzymes take on a variety of roles in the human body at the cellular level. Specifically‚ they aid in the breakdown of macronutrients such as glucose and fructose so that the body can use them. Although reactions within the body would occur without enzymes‚ enzymes provide control because the reaction is not needed all of the time. Enzymes function in specific environments such as temperature or pH; some enzymes are specific
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Enzymes are catalytic proteins that speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy of the reaction. our body cells depend highly on enzymes to complete many important functions‚ such as digestion and metabolism. Enzymes are selective‚ in which each enzyme can only speed up a specific reaction. There are molecules that enzymes work with called substrates. substrate bind to an area of an enzyme called active site. There is specificity between the enzyme and substrate that react with
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structures of cells but they act as enzymes in reactions of the body1. Enzymes are biological catalysts that lower the amount of activation energy needed in carrying out biochemical reactions1. Enzymes are responsible for almost every reaction that occurs in a cell and is named according to the substrate they specifically affect. An enzyme works best under optimal conditions pertaining to temperature‚ pH level and salt concentration1. In unfavorable conditions enzymes will become denatured and ineffective
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The effect of temperature on a reaction rate In this experiment I shall be investigating how temperature affects the rate of reaction Rates of reaction The Factors that affect the rate of reaction are temperature‚ surface area‚ concentration‚ catalysts‚ light and pressure Surface area – Surface area is the amount of solid surface that is available for reaction - Only affects solids so this will not affect our
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Enzymes and Their Importance in Plants and Animals Enzymes are large proteins that are responsible for catalysing thousands of metabolic processes that sustain life. Enzymes work similarly to those catalysts used in industry by lowering activation energy and therefore dramatically speeding up the rate of a reaction‚ however‚ these biological catalysts are highly selective to their substrate. Almost every chemical reaction that occurs in a cell requires enzymes in order to occur at rates required
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The effect of salt concentrations on the mass of the pear cubes ‘Pyrus’ after being soaked in water Aim: The effect of salt concentrations on the mass of the pear ‘Pyrus’ pieces shaped as cubes of 1cm. Background: Osmosis is the net movement of water molecules through a semi-permeable membrane from an area of higher water potential to an area of lower water potential. Water makes up to 70-90% of living cells and cell membranes are partially permeable membranes. Dissolved substances attract
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Abstract The main goal of the enzyme kinetics experiment was to see how the phosphatase-catalyzed hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl produced p-nitrophenol in the presence of phosphate and fluoride ion inhibitors of various concentrations. The calculated Km constant was found to be 0.22 for all reactions. The Vmax values for each inhibition ion were 0.00986 for the phosphate ion and 0.00436 for the fluoride ion. The inhibitor constant‚ Ki‚ was determined to be 0.0967 for the phosphate ion. The inhibitor
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given off when different concentrations of catalase are added with hydrogen peroxide. Aim: To see if changing the concentration of catalase (found in celery) with hydrogen peroxide affects the amount of oxygen given of. Background Information: (Hydrogen peroxide - H2O2 1/2O2+H2O) Enzymes: Hundreds of chemical reactions happen simultaneously inside living cells and it’s the job of enzymes to control and regulate the various metabolic activities. Enzymes are biochemical catalysts
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