This experiment was performed in order to analyze the effects of pH‚ enzyme concentration‚ and temperature on the catalytic rate on enzyme ALP. The initial experiment was done to approximate the optimum pH for the activity of the enzyme. The hypothesis was that alkaline phosphatase activity will be critically affected by pH effects. The hypothesis was valid because the data shows that the pH values for the acidic‚ basic‚ and neutral tubes increased over time‚ absorbing at similar rates. The basic
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I - Introduction Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts to regulate metabolism by selectively speeding up chemical reactions in the cell without being consumed during the process. During the catalytic action‚ the enzyme binds to the substrate – the reactant enzyme acts on – and forms an enzyme-substrate complex to convert the substrate into the product. Each type of enzyme combines with its specific substrate‚ which is recognized by the shape. In the enzymatic reaction‚ the initial rate of
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Concentration Camps There were many social‚ political‚ and economic causes of WWII. A political cause was the treaty of Versailles. The treaty of Versailles was when we forced Germany to take the blame for WWI. If they didn’t sign the treaty‚ Germany would face invasion. As Germany did not start WWI‚ they felt it was unfair. An economic cause of WWII was the Great Depression. The Great Depression happened world wide. The Great Depression started with the stock market crash. The stock market crash
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The rate of fermentation is faster when there is more sucrose concentration because it means there is more glucose‚ which in return means more carbon dioxide production. The sucrose concentrations were 0%‚ 1%‚ 5%‚ and 10%. The 0% sucrose concentration is just normal‚ plain water. Yeast‚ a single celled eukaryotic fungi‚ was put into the solutions. It uses fermentation to make more carbon dioxide and alcohol. In the 0% solution‚ no carbon dioxide had been produced. At the start‚ the depth of the
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BIO 5 Lab Report: Lactase Enzymes Enzymes are biological catalysts or assistants. Enzymes consist of various types of proteins that work to drive the chemical reaction required for a specific action or nutrient. Enzymes can either launch a reaction or speed it up. The chemicals that are transformed with the help of enzymes are called substrates. In the absence of enzymes‚ these chemicals are called reactants. Enzymes are thought to have an area with a very particular shape. When a molecule of
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discuss how concentration ratios are used to determine total market shares within four specific industries. I will also discuss the levels of competition within those industries and how oligopolies can benefit society. Case‚ Fare‚ and Oster defines concentration ratio as the share of industry output in sales or employment accounted for by the top firms (2009). They are used to measure the total output produced by a certain number of firms within an industry. Four-firm concentration ratios
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In this report‚ the concentration of total protein and albumin were calculated with the interpretation of a standard curve. To determine the concentration of total protein in human serum‚ a total protein assay was performed by using the Biuret reagent. Proteins react to this compound because it contains two amide bonds. When the Biuret reagents is introduced to a sample of protein‚ it forms a blue or violet complex. The concentration of albumin in human serum is determined by using the Bromocresol
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Runninghead: IP 1 Individual Project Unit 3 BUS305-0804A-07 Concentration Ratio Economists use concentration ratio to measure the degree of concentration in a market‚ computed as the percentage of the market output produced by the largest firms (O’Sullivan‚ Sheffrin‚ & Perez. 2008). One of predominantly concentration ratio used is the Four Firm Concentration Ratio. Four Firm Concentration Ratio isthe percentage of total output in a market produced by the four largest firms. In considering
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The purpose of this study was to observe the effect of different concentrations of sodium chloride have on the germination of lettuce seeds‚ Lactuca sativa. A study done by Katembe et al.‚ (1998) stated that an increase in salt solution in the environment of the seed will slow down water imbibition‚ therefore‚ preventing germination and root growth. The prediction for this experiment was that lettuce seeds‚ Lactuca sativa‚ having a higher concentration of salt in their environment will have a lower
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Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions by lowering the amount of activation energy needed to start the reaction and let the reaction occur at temperatures found in living cells. The way that enzymes do this is explained with the lock and key hypothesis. This hypothesis says enzymes have a specific shape called the active site which is different between different enzymes. Molecules called the substrate that participates in the reaction also have a specific shape that can
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